副词“终于”的语义功能研究

Abstract

This study investigates the semantic functions of the adverb “zhongyu”(终于) in modern Chinese, questioning the traditional view that it simply indicates a result. Drawing on earlier research and using theories from cognitive linguistics, the study analyzes how “zhongyu” functions semantically and how its various roles are connected. The main findings are as follows: First, “zhongyu” serves as a cognitive reference point within a cognitive chain. It helps highlight the result in a sentence by marking the end of an event. And this function aligns with three cognitive principles: salience, familiarity, and relevance. Second, “zhongyu” has a clear role in marking boundaries. From a cognitive linguistic perspective, it not only indicates the end of an event but also suggests the beginning of a new phase, pointing to both temporal and conceptual transitions. Third, the ability of “zhongyu” to mark an endpoint results from the interaction between its function as a reference point and as a boundary marker. These two functions work together to emphasize not only the outcome but also a turning point in the flow of time, helping to structure the transition from an event’s end to a new situation. In summary, based on real language data, this study shows that the core function of the adverb “zhongyu” is not simply to express a result, but to locate it within a cognitive chain. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the adverb and may offer useful insights for explanation of lexical meaning and for teaching Chinese as a second language.