북한 핵 문제에 대한 요한 갈퉁의 갈등 이론적 접근

Abstract

This thesis aims to discuss peaceful solutions to the North Korean nuclear issue. Every crisis that the Korean Peninsula has been going through with since 1993 had to deal with these North Korean nuclear problems. However, even until now, no one has come up with any obvious clue to the relevant issues. In the light of that, regarding the North Korean nuclear issue which is the problem not only between the deeply divided South and North but also in the international community, this study searches for solutions to the issue focusing on the conflict theory of Johan Galtung. When it comes to the nuclear development and nuclear weapons, since they are regarded as more than merely self-defense measures but as means of destruction and violence with a possibility of serial destruction, they are included in this category of absolute weapons but not in that of conventional weapons. Due to the reason, it is important to look into particularities of conflicts and violence related to the North Korean nuclear weapon. That is why this thesis had determined to improve its understanding on Galtung’s conflict theory and to look for peaceful measures. As far as Galtung argues, conflicts work only as an interfering factor to peace and, he categorized causes of conflicts as ‘conflict factors.’ Galtung suggests that we should not see conflicts only as the interfering factor to peace but that we can also handle them as peace energy from a positive angle. In terms of such conflicts, Galtung understands them as ‘creative conversion of conflict.’ What this thesis was trying to do was to understand such conflict theory of Galtung and cultural particularities of conflicts and violence. After all, as for how to analyze and eliminate all those conflicts, confrontations and cultural structures in relation to the North Korean nuclear issue, it is important for us to concentrate on such argument of Galtung. If we look into the nuclear development of North Korea, we do regard it as a problem which the whole world should work on together but at the same time, according to Galtung’s theory, conflicts and violence inside North Korea itself are existing in this form of violence as well. In addition, this thesis also talked about cultural and structural issues of violence and conflicts that had led the North to the nuclear development. This thesis focused on finding peaceful directions based on theoretical characteristics of conflicts that Galtung had introduced. As long as the two Koreas want to secure the peace in the Korean Peninsula in mutual understanding relationships between the South and the North in connection with the North Korean nuclear issue, they need to cooperate on pursuing bilateral peaceful purposes which would help them to enjoy symbiotic relations. From that aspect, solving the conflicts on the nuclear issue in the Korean Peninsula can be a shortcut both to settlement of the nuclear issue and to the maintenance and the recovery of the symbiotic relationships between the Koreas. Now, this thesis argues that in regard to the conflicts and violent structures related to the North Korean nuclear issue, if the South and the North are determined to secure cultural peace in the pursuit of peace and unification and to work together in harmony to accomplish peaceful purposes for their mutual goals, they will eventually come to have even solider peace in the Korean Peninsula.