The Gaze and Female Subjectivity in Rita Dove’s Poetry
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The correlation between freedom and being a subject is a recurrent topic in Rita Dove’s poetry. It was first broached in an earlier poem, “Canary,” from Grace Notes (1989), and re-emerges in “The Venus of Willendorf” and “Freedom: Bird’s-Eye View,” from On the Bus with Rosa Parks (1999). In “The Venus of Willendorf,” which explores visual contact among people through gaze and misrepresentation in a gaze, Dove suggests that when women and blacks become subjects in a gaze, they acquire freedom to express their desire and emotions. Her ideas find resonance in Patricia Hill Collins’s theories regarding “Black women’s sexuality” and Luce Irigaray’s concept of female subjectivity. In “The Venus of Willendorf,” through her encounter with the Venus figurine in a tuché, the female student understands how she appears in the villagers’ gaze and realizes that the patriarchal gaze objectifies and misrepresents women. The gaze among people is one facet of human contact, which Dove’s poetry claims should be equal and free of objectification.
Abstract
The correlation between freedom and being a subject is a recurrent topic in Rita Dove’s poetry. It was first broached in an earlier poem, “Canary,” from Grace Notes (1989), and re-emerges in “The Venus of Willendorf” and “Freedom: Bird’s-Eye View,” from On the Bus with Rosa Parks (1999). In “The Venus of Willendorf,” which explores visual contact among people through gaze and misrepresentation in a gaze, Dove suggests that when women and blacks become subjects in a gaze, they acquire freedom to express their desire and emotions. Her ideas find resonance in Patricia Hill Collins’s theories regarding “Black women’s sexuality” and Luce Irigaray’s concept of female subjectivity. In “The Venus of Willendorf,” through her encounter with the Venus figurine in a tuché, the female student understands how she appears in the villagers’ gaze and realizes that the patriarchal gaze objectifies and misrepresents women. The gaze among people is one facet of human contact, which Dove’s poetry claims should be equal and free of objectification.
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