18세기 후반 濟州地域 公奴婢의 存在樣態－대정현 東城․中文․自丹․今勿路里 호적중초의 사례분석－

Abstract

This study considers the existence aspects of Gongnobi-the slaves who were held to work for government through Hojeokjungcho of four villages(Dongseongli, Jungmunli, Jadanli, and Geomunloli) in Dawjeonhyeon at the end of the Joseon Dynasty. There existed about 45% Gongnobi in four villages of the above statements in the latter half of the 18th century. The form of Hojeok(family registration) required the name which they were attached to, and the maternal line for reveal their history. In addition, it should include Bongwan(the family origin) for Hogu(houses and inhabitants) of Gongnobi. Also, their name was registered discriminately. That is , the full name was written for male and only first name without family name for female. There were usually two to four members in Gongnobi's family. The average was just four. That meant below the average of 5.8% of other common families. The marriage of male and female assumed similar aspects. For male servants, the marriage between servants with the same social levels accounted for 83.9% and the cases between servants and the commoners(Yangin) were 16.1%. For female servants, the former was 84.9% and the latter 15.1%. 230 역사민속학 제 24호투고일 : 2007년 6월 4일 / 심사완료일 : 2007년 6월 27일Myeoncheonjongyang －the change of social position from slave to Yangin －was through Daegumeoncheon buying social position and Shincheonyeokyang playing a role of Yangin temporarily and free from slave in the end. Yet, all of Gongnobi in Jeju became Yangin by the abolition of Gongnobi in the first year of Sunjo's reign(1801). To sum up, Gongnobi in Jeju held very low social position but, in the first year of Sunjo's reign, their social status was raised equivalent to Yangin.