『조선동화집』 수록 동화의 부정적 호랑이像 偏載 현황과 원인

Abstract

“The Fairy Tales of Chosŏn", published in 1924, is the first collection of fairy tales in Korea. By understanding and analyzing Chosŏns folklore and culture, the Japanese Government-General of Chosŏn published it as a part of Japanese cultural policies in order to use it to firmly colonialize Chosŏn. By taking a good look at “The fairy Tales of Chosŏn" we could find the intention of the Japanese to despise the Chosŏn people´s, and further more to transplant the inferiority of Chosŏn people´s. This is shown especially in the image of the tiger in this fairy tales. The tiger, traditionally symbolized as the Korean peoples spirit, appears as various kinds of forms in Korean folk tales. In Korean folk tales, the tiger image appears as sacred tiger, the tiger returning the favor, tender-ness tiger, transfiguring tiger, foolish tiger, and violent tiger. As shown above, the tigers in Korean folk tales has equally both, positive and negative side of its character. But the stories written in this tales book appears only the negative images of the tiger. It only shows the negative image of a tiger－a foolish tiger, ungraceful tiger, the tiger which has been punished for being cruel to humans. The first reason why there are negative image of the tiger in the “The Fairy Tales of Chosŏn" is that the Japanese Government- General of Chosŏn´s has surveyed the folklore for the assimilation colonization policy. They have adopted the colonization policy based on assimilizm to disregard Chosŏn´s customs, practices, destroy Chosŏn´s characteristic culture and further more deny the existence of Chosŏn nation. The Japanese was very well aware of the tiger being the essence of Chosŏn nations culture. These thoughts being specificly confirmed by the folklore survey, it seems that the symbolizations of Chosŏn could always bound the Chosŏn nation characteristics into one and could threaten Japan. Since anything that could inspire the colony Chosŏn´s national characteristics could counter there aim for imperialism, by disregarding and defamation the symbols of Chosŏn they made their political basis firmly. Especially the foolish tiger, ungraceful tiger, the tiger which has been punished for being cruel to humans which has appeared in the “The Fairy Tales of Chosŏn" cold be valued very successfully in the aspect of colonial policy by publishing only negative images of the tiger. By showing how easy it could be fooled by a weak rabbit, the tiger which has been sacred and feared has been disregarded. And the image of ungraceful tiger has implanted the senses that deify tiger is only a superstition. The existence, wishing one´s desire and worshiping has given corresponding reward, was the immanent god´s ideal of our folklore, but by showing the image of ungraceful tiger, the tiger which has been punished for being cruel to humans has taken a great role in disregarding the deify image of tiger in our nation. Furthermore it could be said this process has taken a part in weakening the well bonded strength of “Chosŏn=tiger".