‘着’의 불완정성과 완정성에 관한 소고 -양태와 서법의 각도에서

Abstract

This study explores the constraints that arise when the aspect marker zhe (着) interacts with modality and mood in Modern Chinese. First, It begins by observing that simple predicate sentences containing V-zhe are sometimes unable to stand alone as complete sentences. Although the addition of a modal auxiliary or imperative mood may render these sentences complete, this effect is limited to certain types of verbs. The study identifies and categorizes these verbs. Second, the combinability of V-zhe with modal expressions varies depending on the verb type—some verbs are incompatible, some are compatible, and others can only combine with epistemic modals. Finally, the interaction between V-zhe and imperative sentences—both affirmative and negative—reveals further distinctions: while there is some overlap in the types of verbs permitted in both contexts, negative imperatives allow a broader range of verb types. This study, by investigating the acceptability of V-zhe in modal and mood contexts in Modern Chinese, offers a typological contribution to the study of the interaction between the imperfective aspect, modality, and mood.