고기능 자폐성장애 청소년의 대화행동 특성에 관한 질적 연구
Qualitative Study on Conversational Behaviors in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism
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초록
본 연구는 고기능 자폐성장애 청소년이 성인과 나누는 일상적인 대화과정에서 나타나는 대화 시도행동과 반응행동 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구참여자는 고기능 자폐성장애를 가진 청소년 2명과 그들의 교사와 어머니로 청소년-교사, 혹은 청소년-어머니의 대화과정을 참여 관찰하고 심층 면담한 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성인과의 대화과정에서 나타난 참여 청소년들의 대화 시도행동 특성은 상황 맥락에 맞지 않는 대화 시도하기, 몰두하는 특정 주제로 대화 시도하기, 관심공유 없이 대화 시도하기, 갑작스런 대화 주제의 전환 시도하기로 유목화 하였다. 둘째, 대화과정에서 나타난 반응행동 특성은 지엽적이고 단편적인 정보에 근거한 답변, 관용어나 유머에 대한 이해가 부족한 반응, 무례한 반응, 명료화 요구 및 초보수준의 수정전략을 사용한 반응으로 유목화 하였다. 이들 대화 특성과 관련 가능성이 있는 요인들을 논의하였으며, 이를 근거로 추후연구를 위한 제언을 하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the conversations of adolescents with high-functioning autism interacting with their teachers and parents. This study used a qualitative research method. Two adolescents with high-functioning autism, a teacher and their mother participated as conversational partners. The data was collected through participation observations, in-depth interviews, video recordings, and audio recordings of the conversation situations. A qualitative analysis of conversational behaviors resulted in a useful classification of the conversational characteristics of the adolescents with high-functioning autism and their conversational partners. The findings were as follows: The adolescents with high-functioning autism tended to initiate conversation in inappropriate situations and often started conversations about topics that preoccupied them. They did not induce joint attention from conversational partner to start conversation. They often made the sudden change of conversational topics during conversation. The characteristics of the conversational responses of the adolescents with high-functioning autism were classified into four categories. They made inappropriate responses when they understood what they were told based only on limited clues and when they misunderstood idiomatic, indirect, or paralinguistic expressions. They sometimes responded with straightforward and rude remarks without consideration for others. On the other hand, they sometimes used requests for clarification with repair strategies when communicative breakdown persisted.
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