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개인중심계획: 발달장애인의 개별화계획 개발을 위한 적용

An Application of Person-Centered Planning to the Development of Individualized Plans for Persons with Developmental Disabilities.

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초록

본 연구는 개인중심계획(person-centered planning, PCP)의 개념, 특성, 일반적 절차 및 성과를 알아보고, 국내외적으로 발달장애 학생과 성인을 위한 개별화계획인 개별화교육계획(IEP), 개별화전환계획(ITP), 긍정적 행동지원(PBS) 계획 개발에 개인중심계획을 적용하는 방안을 제시하는 문헌연구이다. 이를 위해 개인중심계획의 실제를 고찰하고자 개인중심계획 관련 단행본과 ERIC에서 "disab*"와 "person-centered planning"을 주제어로 장애학생의 개인중심계획에 초점을 둔 2000년부터 2011년 사이의 해외 학술지에 게재된 문헌들을 검색하여 41편의 논문을 검토하고, 개인중심계획을 IEP, ITP, PBS 계획의 개발에 적용하는 연구 6편 내용으로부터 그 적용 방안을 중점적으로 판별하였다. 본 연구는 발달장애 학생과 성인들을 위한 IEP, ITP 및 PBS 계획의 개발 및 실행 과정에 긍정적 영향력이 입증된 개인중심계획의 적용 방안을 선행연구들에서 밝혀진 내용을 중심으로 제시하였다. 또한 국외 논문들에서 개인중심계획을 적용하는 데 있어서 지적된 쟁점들과 우리나라에서 개인중심계획의 적용 시 고려해야 할 문제에 대한 논의를 제공하였다. 끝으로 우리나라 특수교육 및 장애인 서비스 현장에서 발달장애 학생과 성인들에게 교육과 서비스에서 최선의 실제(best practices)를 제공하는데 기여할 수 있는 개인중심계획의 활발한 적용과 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

Abstract

This study is a review of the articles on practices of person-centered planning and application of person-centered planning to the development of various individualized plans such as IEP, ITP, and PBS for students and adults with developmental disabilities. Using an electronic search engine of ERIC, articles published between 2000 and 2011 with keyword, “disab*" & "person-centered planning" were pursued. The researchers reviewed 41 published articles from various related areas, and selected final six articles which directly depicted an application of person-centered planning to the development of individualized plans for individuals with developmental disabilities for a more through review. The concept, characteristics, general procedure and outcomes of person-centered planning were identified based on the literature review. Some strategies for applying person-centered planning to the development of individualized plans were delineated. In addition, issues related to applying person-centered planning to individualized plans were discussed. Finally, suggestions for active use of person-centered planning contributing to providing the best practices for individuals with developmental disabilities in Korea were provided.

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