선어말어미 ‘-오-’와 언어 변화의 상관성 -의존명사 ‘ᄃᆞ’ 구문을 중심으로-

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the sentence structure in which the prefinal ending “-O-” that appeared in the 15th century literature and the dependent noun “ᄃᆞ” were used together. The prefinal ending “-O-,” which appear in the 15th century literature, appear in the noun phrase embedded sentence almost requisitely, and it is distributed before the verbal formendings “-n, -l, -m.” And when the 15th century literature is examined, the prefinal ending “-O-,” which was used in connective endings and final endings rather than in the noun phrase embedded sentence, can also be found. If the distribution of the noun phrase imbedded sentence is the same as that of the morpheme used in the endings, we can think of the correlation between the two. As a result, “-o-” in medieval Korean makes up the noun phrase imbedded sentence, and functions as the element enabling it to have noun nature and performs the function of modal meanings such as emphasis and focus and loses noun nature due to the extinction of “-O-” and becomes adverbial or conjunctive sentence, and can change to have only the function of modality. The prefinal ending “-O-” can also appear in the dependent noun sentence structure. But the frequency of its appearance varies depending on the nature of the dependent noun. As shown in the catalogue of the dependent nouns presented as follows, the universal dependent noun sentence structure, which is of strong noun nature, is requisitely combined with the prefinal ending “-O-”. The word “디” which is dependent noun “ᄃᆞ” combined with “이” appears invariably before “-오- ” in the 15th century literature. Accordingly, the sentence structure in which “-O-” is combined with the dependent noun “ᄃᆞ” can be the sentence structure that stands in the middle of the grounds that explain the grammatical process of the prefinal ending “-O-” and the dependent noun. Actually in the 15th century literature, it can be seen that the sentence structure, in which the dependent noun “ᄃᆞ” is used with the subjective case postposition, seldom appears without “-O-”. But the “-올디, -온디” sentence structure seldom appears in the literature after the 15th century and sometimes it is replaced with other words. This can be presumed that probably it disappeared in the course of the extinction of “-O-” that was used in other sentence structures.