미-이스라엘의 국방 R&D 혁신동향과 시사점: 한국군의 운용시험평가 발전방향을 중심으로
US-Israel Defense R&D Innovation Trends and Implications: Focused on the Development of Operational Test and Evaluation of Korean Armed Forces
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최근 한국군은 북한의 핵․미사일 위협과 한반도 전략환경의 불확실성, 인구절벽 시대의 병역자원 감소, 재래식 전력의 격차 극복 등 4가지 도전에 직면해 있으며 이러한 안보상황을 극복하기 위해 국방개혁 2.0을 추진하고 있다. 한반도의 작전환경, 국방 획득환경 및 미래 전장환경의 변화에 효과적으로 대응하기 위해서는 4차 산업혁명의 첨단 과학기술을 적극적으로 수용하여 군사력 건설의 패러다임을 근본적으로 변화시켜야 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 최근 급변하고 있는 한반도 작전환경과 국방 획득환경의 변화에 효과적으로 대응하기 위해 국방 연구개발의 핵심과정인 무기체계 운용시험평가 발전방향을 고찰하는 것이다. 이를 위해 미국과 이스라엘의 국방 연구개발 혁신사례를 다차원 모형으로 분석하였고 제도적․구조적․기술적․규범적 차원에서 주요 시사점을 도출하고 발전방향을 제시하였다.
Abstract
Recently, the operational environment on the Korean Peninsula has changed fundamentally as North Korea's nuclear and missile threats become reality. The ROK military is pursuing Defense Reform 2.0 to prepare for the North Korean military threat and to overcome the aging gap in conventional military forces. The ROK's immediate task is to build a military force suitable for the changed operational environment by utilizing the fourth industrial revolution. Therefore, this study considered the development direction of the weapon system operational test and evaluation, which is a core process of defense R&D, to effectively respond to changes in the operational environment of the Korean Peninsula and the environment of defense acquisition. To this end, the U.S. and Israel's defense R&D innovation cases were analyzed in a multi-dimensional model to examine military implications, and based on this, the direction of development of the Korean military's weapon system operational test and evaluation suitable for changes in the operational environment of the Korean Peninsula and the defense acquisition environment was presented.
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