淸朝의 정책변화와 吉林地區의 사회경제적 변모

Abstract

The Qing Dynasty deployed the Eight Banner troops to Ningguta to strengthen governance over the northeastern region and defense of the border areas. In 1671 the government moved the headquarters of the Ningguta General (C. Ningguta jiangjun ) to today’s Jilin Province. Jilin was chosen as the jurisdiction of the Ningguta General because that place gave advantage in defeating attacks from outside and was also close to the quasi-capital of Fengtian. Subsequently, Jilin became the northeastern strategic point for land and water transportation, and the political and economic center and military area for holding back invasion from Russia. For a long time during the early and middle periods of the Qing Dynasty, Jilin was closed to Han people. However, the merger of lands in the Zhongyuan region became more serious as time passed and Han people in the Jilin jurisdiction searching for ways to make a livelihood flooded out of the jurisdiction to make the blockade policy of the Qing Dynasty. As a result, the labor population in the Jilin region increased and the farming area expanded to fulfill basic conditions for development. Such changes had positive influences on the socioeconomic development of the Jilin region. In the late nineteenth century, China encountered serious border issues. Numerous elements caused this perilous situation. As they faced border issues and a number of difficult issues that accumulated due to the increased population in the jurisdiction, the Qing Dynasty abandoned its policy and had to adopt one of relocating people to border areas to develop those regions. The abolition of the blockade policy that the government had held for 200 years is not unrelated to external reasons, such as the increase of Russian and Japanese ambitions for invasion, in addition to socioeconomic reasons.