반추 처리방식에 따른 미래 예측의 긍정성 차이: 긍정경험 반추에서 추상적-구체적 처리방식을 중심으로
Difference in Positive Future Predictions Based on Abstract and Concrete Processing: With a Focus on Positive Rumination on Positive Events
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초록
본 연구는 긍정적 상황에 대한 반추 상황에서 반추가 이루어지는 방식에 따라 긍정적인 미래 예측이 어떤 차이를 보이는지를 검증하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 만 18세 이상 성인 268명을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하고 스크리닝 과정을 거쳐 우울하지 않은 상태로 판별된 83명을 대상으로 ZOOM프로그램을 이용해 비대면 실험을 진행하였다. 최종 실험 참여자는 긍정 반추 설문에 응답하고 추상적 반추 집단과 구체적 반추 집단에 무작위로 배정된 후 연구자와 일대일로 반추 조작 면담을 실시하고 마지막으로 긍정적 미래 예측 수준을 평정하였다. 연구 결과, 긍정반추가 긍정적 미래 예측에 영향을 미치며 구체적 반추 집단보다 추상적 반추 집단에서 긍정적 미래 예측 수준이 유의미하게 높은 것이 확인되었다. 이를 통해 우울하지 않은 일반인들은 긍정적인 자기 자질 혹은 긍정정서 경험에 대해 추상적으로 사고하는 경향이 높을수록 긍정적인 미래가 올 가능성을 높게 평가한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 학술적, 상담 실제적 의의와 제한점 및 추후 연구를 위한 제언 등을 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of verifying the difference in positive future prediction in abstract and concrete rumination groups. An online survey was conducted on 268 adults aged 18 and older, and a non-face-to-face experiment with ‘ZOOM’ was conducted on 83 participants who were determined not depressed through the screening process. After completing online pre-measurements, participants were randomly assigned to either the abstract rumination group or the concrete rumination group, which the researcher then conducted a one-on-one rumination manipulation interview. After the completion of the rumination test, participants rated the level of positive future prediction. The results are as follows: impact of positive rumination on positive future prediction was significant, and the level of positive future prediction is significantly higher in the abstract rumination group than in the concrete rumination group. It was confirmed that the higher the tendency of non-depressive people to think abstractly about positive self-quality or positive emotional experiences, the higher the likelihood of a positive future prediction. Based on the results, academic and counseling practical implications, limitations of the study and suggestions for follow up studies were discussed.
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