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삽화적 미래사고 구체성과 불안 및 우울 간의 관계

Episodic Future Thinking Specificity and Its Relationship with Anxiety and Depression

이훈진|이아롱
한국건강심리학회 (Korean Health Psychological Association)|2023.05|한국심리학회지: 건강 (Korean Journal of Health Psychology)|제28권 제3호|pp. 657-686|DOI 10.17315/kjhp.2023.28.3.004

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참고문헌

키워드

우울depressionanxiety불안삽화적 미래사고사고 구체성episodic future thinkingthought specificity
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 삽화적 미래사고 구체성과 불안 및 우울 간의 관계를 탐색하였다. 범불안과 관련이 높은 심리적 변인들의 영향을 배제한 후에도 삽화적 미래사고 구체성이 범불안 수준과 유의미한 연관성을 보이는지 살펴보았으며, 삽화적 미래사고 구체성과 우울 간의 관계 및 삽화적 미래사고를 구체적으로 떠올리는 데 영향을 미치는 변인들을 확인하였다. 참여자 165명(남 58명, 여 107명, 평균 연령 24.5세)을 대상으로 미래의 부정적인 상황, 부정적인 상황에 대처하는 상황, 긍정적인 상황을 구체적으로 기술하도록 하였고, 개정된 자서전적 면담 체계를 기반으로 각 조건별 삽화적 미래사고 구체성 수준을 평정하였다. 범불안과 우울 수준을 측정하기 위해 범불안장애 7문항 척도(GAD-7) 및 한국판 역학연구센터 우울척도(K-CES-D)를 사용하였다. 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 미래의 부정적인 상황에 대한 삽화적 미래사고 구체성은 우울 및 걱정의 설명량을 통제한 후에도 범불안 수준을 추가적으로 설명하였다. 미래의 긍정적인 상황에 대한 삽화적 미래사고 구체성은 범불안 및 반추의 설명량을 통제하지 않았을 때 우울에 대한 예언력을 보였다. 특정한 미래 상황을 과거에 더 오랫동안, 더 자주 생각해 왔을수록 상황에 대한 삽화적 미래사고 구체성이 감소되는 것으로 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 연구의 제한점과 함의를 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the specificity of episodic future thinking (EFT) and its relationship with anxiety and depression. It was examined whether EFT specificity had a significant relationship with generalized anxiety, even after controlling the influence of psychological variables highly related to anxiety. Additionally, it was explored which variables influence the level of EFT specificity. The relationship between EFT specificity and depression was investigated, as well. A total of 165 participants (58 male, 107 female, mean age 24.5) were asked to describe future problematic negative situations, problem-solving situations, and positive situations. The responses were coded for specificity using an adapted Autobiographical Interview procedure. GAD-7 and K-CES-D were used to measure generalized anxiety and depression levels. The results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that EFT specificity of negative situations explained the level of general anxiety, even after controlling the influence of depression and worry. Furthermore, EFT specificity of positive situations predicted the level of depression, but only when anxiety and rumination were not controlled. Notably, it was observed that the longer and more often participants had thought about a particular future situation, the less concrete the content of their elaboration become. Based on these results, the limitations and implications of the study were discussed.

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