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프로티언 경력(Protean Career)의 통합적 개념모형 개발

Developing an Integrated Conceptual Model and Measurement for Protean Career

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초록

본 연구의 목적은 프로티언 경력(protean career)의 통합적 개념모형을 개발하는데 있다. 프로티언 경력은 불확실성이 증가하는 경력환경에서, 개인의 경력개발 과정이 가치 있고 주체적이며 주관적 경력성공을 중시하는 새로운 형태의 경력변화 개념이다. Hall(1976)에 의해 처음 도입된 이후, 개인의 ‘가치지향성’과 ‘자기주도성’을 중심으로 프로티언 경력태도를 측정할 수 있는 척도가 개발되었고, 이 후 대부분의 경력개발 선행연구에서 이 척도가 활용되었다. 그러나 기존의 프로티언 경력태도 구성요소는 프로티언 경력개념의 핵심요소(정체성, 적응성)를 반영하지 못하였고, 하위개념이 단일차원으로 인식되어 통계적 유의성이 일관되게 확보되지 못한 점 이외에 프로티언 경력‘태도’만을 측정한 한계가 존재하였다. 특히, 태도는 개인의 경력행동을 이해하고 예측할 수 있는 유용한 변인으로 연구되어 왔으나, 측정을 위한 언어적 태도(verbal attitude)는 실제 태도와 다를 수 있고, 경력인식-태도-행동 간의 불일치 등으로 인해 지속적인 프로티언 경력이 추구될 수 없다는 이론적 배경에 근거하여, 개인의 프로티언 경력이 태도에만 그치는 것이 아닌 프로티언 경력인식, 프로티언 경력행동으로까지 일관되게 실천하기 위해서는 이에 대한 종합적인 관리 및 개발이 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 이를 위해, 1976년부터 2017년까지 '웹오브사이런스'에서 ‘protean career'를 주제로 프로티언 경력의 구성요소를 규명한 SSCI 논문 27편을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 프로티언 경력 구성요소는 ‘프로티언 경력인식(정체성/적응성), 프로티언 경력태도(자기주도성/가치지향성), 프로티언 경력행동(변화관리/성찰행동)’의 3개의 구성요소와 6개의 하위요인으로 구분·도출하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구의 기여도 및 후속 연구를 위한 시사점과 제언을 제시하였다.

Abstract

Over the years, many studies have investigated individual and organizational factors that facilitate career success because career attitude and behavior have changed dramatically in Human Resource Development (HRD) field. To Understand the related career concept in the modern, we need to point out that the ‘Protean Career’. Because ‘Protean Career’ is more specifically identify value-driven (one’s own values) and self-directed behavior to define subjective career success. Through the comprehensive and integrated literature review, most of Protean career attitude was measured by scale of Briscoe & Hall(2006). However the protean career concept has received in the career literature, empirical research is still in its early stages. It is important to comprehensively manage the cognition, attitude, and behavior of the protean career. Therefore, from these problematic standpoints, the primary purposes of this article are developing a theoretically integrated protean career model through an integrated literature review approach. As the research results, from the theoretical perspective, protean career should be composed of three major domains including Protean Career Cognition(PCC), Protean Career Orientation(PCO), and Protean Career Behavior(PCB). Furthermore, three major domain involves six sub-factors that PCC(identity, adaptability), PCO(self-directed, value-driven), and PCB(coping with change, reflective behavior). Research limitations and further research recommendations were provided following practical and theoretical research implications of the research.

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