신라로 유입된 고구려 유민의 동향 - 報德國 주민을 중심으로 -

Abstract

As the Goguryo fell, the remnant of its people moved to some other regions leaving their kingdom. Among them, those who moved to the Silla kingdom draw attention. They moved to the Silla in various ways. Some people like YeonJeongto (淵淨土) had already moved to the Silla before the Goguryo fell. Some people like Anseung (安勝) and Goyeongmu (高延武) who led the attempt to restore Goguryo also moved to the Silla. And not a few of others transferred to the Silla as a prisoner of war. Even though it was such a short period of time, these Goguryo refugees who moved to the Silla tried to revive their kingdom. The Silla founded a new kingdom named Bodeokguk (報德國) for them in the vicinity of Iksan area. The monk Bodeok(普德) who had a connection with this area might cause a huge influence on this founding. Bodeok who represents the Buddhism in the late Goguryo settled in Wansanju area after leaving Goguryo. The faith of Maitreya in Wansanju area is thought to make Bodeok settle in the area. Bodeok regarded the chaotic period of the late Goguryo as a lawless age. That led him to Iksan area in which a Maitreya utopia was believed to be realized. With the founding of Bodeokguk, Bodeok and his disciples in the area healed a spiritual wound of populace and became the ideological center force through exchanges with residents. However, Bodeokguk was difficult to survive as the war between the Silla and the Tang Dynasty (唐朝) was over. In 683 Anseung, the king of Bodeokguk, was made to reside in Gyeongju and granted the status of royal family of the Silla. Now Bodeokguk came to an end. This situation let the populace of Bodeokguk resist, which could be shown through the rebel Daemun (大文). The rebel might cause a considerable impact on the society under the reign of King Sinmun (神文). It also shows that there was an active force to retain the attempt to restore Goguryo inside Bodeokguk, probably such as Bodeok and his disciples. The attempt to restore Goguryo is thought to pass to its descendents inside the united Silla even after the fall of Bodeokguk.