新羅 神文王代 報德國民의 반란
The rebellion of the people of Bodeokguk(報德國) in the period of King Sinmun
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Bodeokguk was founded in an area of KumMaJeo(Iksan) by the refugees who moved to Shilla kingdom after the fall of Goguryo Kingdom. Although it lasted for only about 10 years, it was a kingdom succeeded to Goguryo. Bodeokguk could be lasted thoroughly under the need and will of Shilla. The change of domestic and foreign situation made Bodeokguk useless for Shilla so that Bodeokguk was destroyed under the reign of King Sinmun. In 683(3rd year of King Sinmun), Anseung, the king of Bodeokguk, was forced to reside in Gyeongju and granted the status of royal family of Shilla. However, Shilla didn’t come up with a countermeasure after the dissolution of Bodeokguk. Remnants of Bodeokguk should have complaints to Shilla, contrary to Anseung. Remnants of Bodeokguk was agitated as a year had gone. It affected Shilla seriously. The King Sinmun executed Daemun who plot a revolt to stabilize society. Daemun regarded the supreme class as a relative of Anseung. He was the center of remnants to resist Shilla. The execution fostered the stepped-up rebellion leaded by Silbok. According to the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms (Samguk-sagi, 4th year of King Sinmun), the rebellion was quickly put down. However, the other contents of the book related to the progress of rebellion revealed that it was never suppressed easily. First, the content showed that rebellious forces marched to the area near KaJamSeong out of Iksan. The exact location of KaJamSeong is still controversial, but seems near the region of Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, quite a distance from Iksan. It might take a long time to march to KaJamSeong. Consequently, the rebellion seems to last for a certain period of time and to affect Shilla a lot. King Sinmun realized the magnitude of the rebellion of Bodeokguk which took place once again after Kim Heumdol’s rebellion and took the aggressive countermeasures. The suppression had two stages. First, He mobilized ‘Gwidang', troops near in Ikan, in its early stages. But the operation looks failed because rebel forces occupied Iksan and advanced to near KaJamSeong. Now, King Sinmun mobilized central troops, that is, HwangGeumSeodang, one of 9Seodang. HwangGeumSeodang was formed in 3rd year of King Sinmun with refugees of Goguryo. King Sinmun made Goguryo refugees fight with each other to suppress the rebelloion. Eventually, the rebellion came to an end. Goguryo refugees were scattered. It was not until the issues of Bodeokguk were all settled with the suppression of rebellion in 4th year of King Sinmun that he could start to restore the system in the unified kingdom. The rebellion of Bodeokguk had a strong influence on Shilla in early period of King Sinmun. Most of all, it suggests that the system of unified Shilla could be affected by the rebellion since the system of unified Shilla started to be recovered right after the end of rebellion.
Abstract
Bodeokguk was founded in an area of KumMaJeo(Iksan) by the refugees who moved to Shilla kingdom after the fall of Goguryo Kingdom. Although it lasted for only about 10 years, it was a kingdom succeeded to Goguryo. Bodeokguk could be lasted thoroughly under the need and will of Shilla. The change of domestic and foreign situation made Bodeokguk useless for Shilla so that Bodeokguk was destroyed under the reign of King Sinmun. In 683(3rd year of King Sinmun), Anseung, the king of Bodeokguk, was forced to reside in Gyeongju and granted the status of royal family of Shilla. However, Shilla didn’t come up with a countermeasure after the dissolution of Bodeokguk. Remnants of Bodeokguk should have complaints to Shilla, contrary to Anseung. Remnants of Bodeokguk was agitated as a year had gone. It affected Shilla seriously. The King Sinmun executed Daemun who plot a revolt to stabilize society. Daemun regarded the supreme class as a relative of Anseung. He was the center of remnants to resist Shilla. The execution fostered the stepped-up rebellion leaded by Silbok. According to the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms (Samguk-sagi, 4th year of King Sinmun), the rebellion was quickly put down. However, the other contents of the book related to the progress of rebellion revealed that it was never suppressed easily. First, the content showed that rebellious forces marched to the area near KaJamSeong out of Iksan. The exact location of KaJamSeong is still controversial, but seems near the region of Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, quite a distance from Iksan. It might take a long time to march to KaJamSeong. Consequently, the rebellion seems to last for a certain period of time and to affect Shilla a lot. King Sinmun realized the magnitude of the rebellion of Bodeokguk which took place once again after Kim Heumdol’s rebellion and took the aggressive countermeasures. The suppression had two stages. First, He mobilized ‘Gwidang', troops near in Ikan, in its early stages. But the operation looks failed because rebel forces occupied Iksan and advanced to near KaJamSeong. Now, King Sinmun mobilized central troops, that is, HwangGeumSeodang, one of 9Seodang. HwangGeumSeodang was formed in 3rd year of King Sinmun with refugees of Goguryo. King Sinmun made Goguryo refugees fight with each other to suppress the rebelloion. Eventually, the rebellion came to an end. Goguryo refugees were scattered. It was not until the issues of Bodeokguk were all settled with the suppression of rebellion in 4th year of King Sinmun that he could start to restore the system in the unified kingdom. The rebellion of Bodeokguk had a strong influence on Shilla in early period of King Sinmun. Most of all, it suggests that the system of unified Shilla could be affected by the rebellion since the system of unified Shilla started to be recovered right after the end of rebellion.
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