고려시대 충청도 연안의 포구에 관한 연구

Abstract

The coast of Chungcheong-do is important in its location in coast traffic: many people and merchants coming and going to China had passed the coast; and all the local products of the southern part had been sent to the capital city through the coast in the Goryeo and Joseon Dynasty. Despite such importance, there have been few systematic researches on the coast, and in this context, the purpose of this study is to identify the locations of estuaries around Chungcheong-do by reviewing materials between the Goryeo and Joseon Dynasty and to investigate changes in the estuaries based on time flow. In general the estuaries and traffic routes in the west coast of Chungcheong-do that had been used since Goryeo were located in the Asan bay to the north and around the Cheonsu bay and the mouth of the Geum River, centered on Taean Peninsula. Estuaries around the Asan bay were represented by Beomgeunnae-po at the mouth of the Beomgeunnae River, Punghae-po and Hoehae-po at the north of Myeoncheon, Pyeonseop-po of Jiksan, while estuaries around the Chunsu bay and the mouth of the Geum River were represented by Goman-do off the coast of Boryeong, Jangamjin at the mouth of the Geum River, and Seokgok-po at Gyeolseong bay. Most of the estuaries had been used from the period of Baekje through the Goryeo and Joseon Dynasty, but they, connecting to Gongju, Buyeo, and Gyeongju, began to lose their international nature when Gaegyeong was designated to be the capital city after Goryeo was founded. Instead, they engaged attention in Goryeo in that they were in the course of cargo vessels and served as military important positions. In particular, the estuaries were intensified of its military functions related to invasions of Japanese raiders between the late Goryeo and the early Joseon, when the Japanese raiders fiercely invaded into the Korean Peninsula. However, this study is limited in identifying more estuaries and investigating their historical changes because there are few materials left and lots of materials were lost as coast traffic has been declined by land transportation. Further studies may focus on the limitation with Chang-po, Daesan-po, and Ho-po, known as the names of the estuaries around Susan area.