朝鮮時代『行實圖』에 나타난 日本의 表象

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to figure out how Joseon's negative image toward Japan, the Japanese and their culture had been created and transmitted. The most shocking incidents to the nation and the people of Joseon were plunder of Japanese pirate raiders(倭寇) in the late fourteenth century and Imjin War(壬辰倭亂) in the late sixteenth century. These plunder and invasion gave an unbearable damage and pain to Joseon people which, in turn, formed a negative recognition of Japan by the Joseon people. In Joseon dynasty, five sorts of "Haengsildo"(行實圖) were edited to enlighten people. There are 591 cases related to japanese pirate raiders and Imjin War in the "haengsildo."Arcicles on pirate raiders are 3 in "Samganghaengsildo", 3 in "Soksanganghaengsildo"(續三綱行實圖), and 3 in "Oryunhaengsildo(五倫行實圖)" respectively. Records of Japanese pirate raiders in "Sangganghaeingsildo" cover from 1377 to 1389 at a time when the plundering activity was in its peak in Gyeonggi, Jeolla and Chungcheong. The victims of 8 out of 9 cases were women: 7 were killed, 1 made suicide and 1 were kidnapped. On the other hand, 3 cases in "Soksangamhaengsildo" were mainly kidnapping cases taken place in the early Joseon period. "Dongguksinsamganghaengsildo"(東國新續三綱行實圖)records 576 incidents of the Imjin War and 433 cases (75%) were women victims. It demonstrates a great deal of women loss during the Imjin War. 60% of the victims belonged to the subjugated class, and Gyeonggang and Jeolla provinces took up 50%. The original aim of "Haengsildo" was to educate and tighten the disciple of the Confucian society by emphasizing "Samgang"(三綱: three basics) of loyalty, filial duty and chaste. But, publication and distribution of "Haengsildo" made the people of Joseon to remind the Imjin War a never-forgettable incident that led to a negative perception toward Japan thereafter.