草梁客舍 造營에 관한 硏究

Abstract

This paper discusses the architectural activities of supervisors and artisans who belonged to Dongnae-bu of what is now the city of Busan and fundraising for building repairs through the construction of Choryang-gaeksa. Choryang-gaeksa had been located near the Choryang-waegwan, which was the largest international trading quarters between Joseon Dynasty and Tokugawa Shogunate had been maintained from 1678 through 1872 in Busan. This Korean traditional style building was used to perform the ceremony which was concerned with Joseon's diplomatic policy toward Tokugawa Shogunate. The government officials of the Joseon Dynasty enshrined the wooden tablet which was inscribed the Chinese letter Jeon(殿) whose meaning is the king of Joseon Dynasty and the envoys of Tokugawa Shogunate bowed before the symbolized plate because they could not be received in royal audience in capital of Joseon. Therefore, Choryang-gaeksa was more important than other government offices which were located Choryang area, and had more than 9 times repairing constructions for nearly 200 years since its establishment. Although the building was stationed right outside the wall of the Choryang- waegwan, the construction process of the building(Choryang-gaeksa) was definitely different from the usage which was carried on repairing of Choryang-waegwan. The construction of Choryang-gaeksa was achieved by local government(Dongnae-bu), whereas the architectural activities of Choryang-waegwan were regulated by the central government. The construction organization was consisted of superintendents, artisans and ordinary people who had to serve compulsory labor every period of public construction. Superintendents of the construction were called Chal-bang, Man-ho and Hun-do, who acted as civil or military officers as well. They struggled to secure and reduce construction expenses in order to accomplish construction work without damaging the provincial finance. Because artisans were under the authority of the local government, the superintendents could send them under escort on a case by case basis. Laborers had to do compulsory service without any compensation, in contrast to the cases of the constructions which were performed in the 19th century.