17세기 후반 ‘鬱陵島爭界’의 종결과 對馬島(1696년~1699년)

Abstract

This paper focuses on the negotiations that continued for four years, from the first month of 1696, when the “Prohibition on Sailing to Takeshima” (竹島渡海禁止令) was issued, to the tenth month of 1699, when the territorial dispute over Ulleungdo was settled. It establishes the relationship between Korea and Japan in the late Joseon period by examining facts relating to Tsushima’s negotiation of the territorial dispute over Ulleungdo, which was an endeavor to maximize Tsushima’s advantage. It appears that what lay behind Tsushima’sdelayed transmission of the Edo shogunate’s first “Prohibition on Sailing to Takeshima” until the Korean government’s Munwihaeng official had sailed to Japan in the tenth month of 1696, instead of sending it directly to Joseon, is rooted in the different conclusion that the shogunate had reached regarding Tsushima’s purpose inplacing Ulleungdo (竹島) in Japan, and Tsushima’s desperate effort had been dispersed on deporting An Yongbok(安龍福) and on negotiations withJoseon. Second, regarding the process of transmitting the shogunate’s “Prohibition on Sailing to Takeshima” in the tenth month of 1696, Tsushima, rather than the Edo shogunate, had concluded that Ulleungdo (竹島) was Joseon territory. And yet they demanded a reply from King Yejo. It seems that the reason for this was to display how Tsushima had endeavored in discussions with Joseon and to emboss their role in the negotiations while not leaving a record that Ulleungdo belongs to Joseon. Next, Tsushima requested revision of the reply to the official letter, even taking risky actions such as leaving the Japan House (Waegwan倭館) without permission because of the kidnapping of An Yongbok and his spontaneous visit to Japan. These events showed that Takeshima held the possibility of a new diplomatic procedure in which a third party could participate and could settle deliberations between Joseon and Japan. Thus Takeshima, in this situation in which itsbeing the window for diplomatic negotiations became precarious, accomplished Tsushima’s purpose, completing a diplomatic document favorable to Tsushima or the Edo shogunate, and intercepting the intervention of a third party and taking decisive action. Nevertheless, because Tsushima had taken care with “the plan with commonly called mistaken consideration, which the difference between old-fashioned way and today’s form was not distinguished, and also the circumstances and the tendency of that time,” but island officials could not achieve their intentions. After all, for Tsushima, as AmenomoriHoshu (雨森芳洲) indicated, the territorial dispute over Ulleungdo was considered “the event that not only did not succeed, but that also troubled the reputation of Tsushima,” although domain officials saw confrontation as the means to achieve theirgoal, even employing authority and threats, for seven years.