조직구성원의 목표성향이 직무성과에 미치는 영향
The Influence of Goal Orientation on Job Performance
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본 연구의 목적은 구성원의 목표성향이 직무성과에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 것으로서, 특히 목표성향이 직무성과에 영향을 미치는 매개 메커니즘을 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 목표성향 이론과 선행 실증연구를 바탕으로 선행연구에서는 다루어지지 않았던 불확실한 과업에 대한 자기효능감, 부정적 평가에 대한 태도, 그리고 창의적 문제해결 노력 변수를 추가로 포함시켜 공변량 구조분석 모형을 구성하고 이를 실증적으로 검증하였다. 제조업체 직원 400명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고 자료를 분석한 결과, 학습목표성향이 강한 사람일수록 불확실한 과업에 대한 자기효능감이 높고, 이로 인해 업무수행 목표수준을 높게 설정하는 동시에 창의적 문제해결 노력을 많이 하여 직무성과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 평가목표성향이 강한 사람일수록 직무성과에 대해 부정적 평가를 받는 것을 회피하기 위해 학습목표성향이 강한 사람보다는 약한 관계이기는 하지만 창의적 문제해결 노력을 통해 직무성과를 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 두 목표성향 중에서 학습목표성향이 평가목표성향보다 직무성과에 대한 효과가 훨씬 더 크다는 것도 확인되었다. 본 연구를 통해 목표성향과 성과 사이의 매개 메커니즘을 부분적으로나마 밝힌 것은 향후 이와 같은 연구를 하는데 있어 주요한 학문적 공헌이 되었다고 생각한다. 기타 학문적, 실무적 시사점과 본 연구의 한계 등을 결론부분에 제시하였다.한글 색인어 : 학습목표 성향, 평가목표 성향, 직무성과
Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify the influence of goal orientation on job performance, especially the mediating mechanism intervening the two variables. In order to achieve this objective, this study has come up with a process model including self-efficacy toward uncertain tasks, attitudes toward negative feedback, and creative problem-solving efforts, which were not considered in the previous studies. The survey data, collected from 400 workers of an airplane manufacturing company, were analyzed by covariance structure analysis method. The results are as follows. The workers who are higher in learning goal orientation were found to have higher self-efficacy toward uncertain tasks, which leads to higher goal level and creative problem-solving efforts, making higher job performance possible. And the workers having higher performance goal orientation were found to also engage in creative problem-solving efforts apparently through stronger negative attitudes toward negative feedback, leading to higher job performance. Finally, it was found that learning goal orientation affects job performance more strongly than performance goal orientation. The implications, both academic and applied, and the limitations of the study are discussed in the conclusion.
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