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가치, 경험, 지각 - 원자력 수용성에서 가치 및 경험 기반 중층모형(Multi-layer Model)의 적합성에 대한 탐색적 연구-

Value, Experience, and Perception - Exploring the Applicability of Value and Experience based Multi-layer Model in Explaining Acceptance of Nuclear Power-

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초록

기존의 원자력 수용성 설명연구들은 위험지각 패러다임에 기반하여 지각적 요소를 강조하고 있어 수용성을 결정하는 데 있어 가치적, 경험적 요소를 간과하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 ‘가치·경험→ 지각 →수용성’으로 이어지는 중층모형(multi-layer model)을 구성하고 이를 검증하였다. 중층모형을 구조방정식 모형을 통해 분석한 결과 첫째, 본 연구에서 제안한 중층모형이 수용성 설명모형으로서 높은 적합도를 보이고 있었다. 둘째, 경험보다는 가치가 위험지각 패러다임에 더 큰 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 가치요인에서는 환경주의보다는 과학적 낙관주의가, 경험요인에서는 기후변화보다는 원전비리와 후쿠시마 원전사고관련 경험이 지각된 위험과 부정적 감정에 상대적으로 큰 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 최종적인 원자력 수용성에는 지식과 지각된 편익보다는 지각된 위험과 부정적 감정의 영향력이 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. 본 연구는 위험지각 패러다임에 영향을 미치는 요인으로서 경험과 가치의 역할에 대해 모형구성을 통해 실증함으로써 원자력 관련 정책결정에서 고려해야할 새로운 요소를 발견했다는 함의를 갖는다.

Abstract

The previous risk perception paradigm depends heavily on perception factors, disregarding the empirical factors as value and experience. We thus developed the multi-layer model with a causal chain of value, perception and acceptance and tested it using empirical data. First, a structural equation analysis of the data shows that the multi-layer model revealed the high degree of fit in explaining the perception. Second, value explained more perception factor than experience did. For instance, environmentalism, technological optimism among values, Fukushima accidents and corruption scandal exhibit a higher explanation power than climate change. Lastly, the perceived risk and negative affect influenced acceptance more than knowledge and benefit. Our study contributes to highlighting the new variables - value and experience - which decision-makers should consider in making the nuclear policy.

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