조선중기 對明海路使行錄의 문화공간 연구(1) -山東 鄒平縣 張延登花園과 朝明 문인들 사이의교류활동을 중심으로-

Abstract

During the mid-Joseon period, envoys visited the Zhang Yandeng Garden, located in Zouping County, in the late Ming Dynasty, where they enjoyed sightseeing and composed poetry. In 1624, Hong Ikhan and Lee Deokheong were the first to visit the Zhang family's garden, where they engaged in sightseeing and left poems. In his poem, Lee Deokheong criticized the luxurious lifestyle of Ming court officials and lamented the absence of upright scholars. However, the author confirmed that the Zhang family's wealth did not originate from the greed of high-ranking officials but rather from legitimate capitalist commercial activities. Subsequently, other Joseon envoys, including Kim Deokseung, Sin Yeoldo, and Jeong Duwon, also visited the Zhang family's garden. Particularly after Kim Sangheon's delegation visited, friendly and intimate exchanges between the Zhang family's literati and Joseon envoys began in earnest. Kim Sangheon developed a deep friendship with Zhang Manseon, the third son of Zhang Yandeng. Zhang Yandeng published Kim Sangheon's poetry collection, “Chocheollok,” and wrote the preface for it. Wang Shizhen, the son-in-law of Zhang Manzhong, Zhang Yandeng's second son, also highly praised Kim Sangheon's poetry. Although “Chocheollok” has been lost, the exchanges between Kim Sangheon and the Zhang family can be confirmed in his collected works, “Cheongeum-jip.” This study examined the experiences of foreign cultures, cultural exchanges with Chinese literati, and changes in perceptions and identities of mid-Joseon envoys through comparative analyses of travel records, Chinese historical documents, and local records, as well as on-site visits. The findings revealed active cultural exchanges, mutual understanding, and aspects of cultural clashes between Joseon envoys and Chinese literati.