『普通學校 朝鮮語讀本』 音聲資料에 대한 음운론적 연구

Abstract

This paper is a phonological study of the Korean Reader for Primary School Students which was recorded on standard playing record in 1935. The Korean Reader for Primary School Students was made by the Japanese Government-General beginning in 1911. The records were released in 1935 by OKEH Record Co. and contained 27 readings by Korean primary school students that allow us to hear the original sound of the Seoul dialect in 1930s. Compared to the modern Seoul dialect, there are no outstanding differences in the Seoul dialect of the 1930s. However, we can find some phonological and phonetical differences that tell us the cause and the processes by which phonological change occurred in the Seoul dialect. Similar to the modern Seoul dialect, 19 consonants and 10 vowels are analyzed in these records. However, ‘에(e)’ and ‘애(ɛ)’ are distinguished more clearly not only in word-initial but also in non word-initial positions. Also, ‘위’ and ‘외’, although monophthong [ü] and [ö] are more prominent, show free variation of monophthong([ü] vs. [wi] and [ö]) and diphthong([ü] vs. [wi] and [ö] vs. [we]). According to the environment, ‘어’ shows four variations: [ə], [ɘ], [ɜ] and [ɵ], and ‘오’ shows two variations: [o], [ɣ]. Also the phonological processes are similar to those of the modern Seoul dialect, however there are some interesting differences in verb and adverb inflection. When the stem is composed with ending ‘-아/어X(ə/aX)’, there are many examples which do not allow vowel harmony. In addition, y-deletion, which occurs when the pre-final ending is ‘-시-(-si-)’ and when stems which have ‘시(si)' as the final stem are composed with the ending ‘-아/어X(ə/aX)’, is very interesting in connection with the historical change of ‘ㅅ(s)'.