1980년대 프랑스 국적법 논쟁을 통해서 본 무슬림 이민자 문제
French Nationality Code and the Problem of Muslim Immigrants in 1980s
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Nation-States had invented a juridical instrument to guarantee the existence of the State and preserve the security of its population and territory. Nationality Code is that juridical category to distinguish who belongs to or not. But historically, it does not have a fixed and coherent form. In modern nation states, an inclusion or exclusion through the nationality depends on the consequence of economic, demographic contexts, and the boundaries of nation have also been changed from time to time. The debates about nationality code in 1980s show the rise of racism in the French political arena. When Le Pen and his National Front called for the revision of French National Code to increase obstacles for foreigners and children of immigrants, all the major parties of the Right borrowed his demand and took it up as an election campaign. They highlighted the specific religious, cultural features of Muslims, mainly North African immigrants in France, and asked for them to assimilate with French secular Republicalism. So they wanted to insert an article that prescribes the procedure of manifestation for applicants into nationality code. But the exclusionary reform of the nationality code proposed in 1986 failed after two years of struggle. Despite of seeming failure, substantive change in muslim integration practices became evident when Hijab Affair occurred. Finally, a restrictive revision of the code was passe by a newly elected conservative government in 1993. Although a reinstalled Socialist government in 1997 had abolished these articles, it is obvious that the distrust about muslim immigrants remains in the French society.
Abstract
Nation-States had invented a juridical instrument to guarantee the existence of the State and preserve the security of its population and territory. Nationality Code is that juridical category to distinguish who belongs to or not. But historically, it does not have a fixed and coherent form. In modern nation states, an inclusion or exclusion through the nationality depends on the consequence of economic, demographic contexts, and the boundaries of nation have also been changed from time to time. The debates about nationality code in 1980s show the rise of racism in the French political arena. When Le Pen and his National Front called for the revision of French National Code to increase obstacles for foreigners and children of immigrants, all the major parties of the Right borrowed his demand and took it up as an election campaign. They highlighted the specific religious, cultural features of Muslims, mainly North African immigrants in France, and asked for them to assimilate with French secular Republicalism. So they wanted to insert an article that prescribes the procedure of manifestation for applicants into nationality code. But the exclusionary reform of the nationality code proposed in 1986 failed after two years of struggle. Despite of seeming failure, substantive change in muslim integration practices became evident when Hijab Affair occurred. Finally, a restrictive revision of the code was passe by a newly elected conservative government in 1993. Although a reinstalled Socialist government in 1997 had abolished these articles, it is obvious that the distrust about muslim immigrants remains in the French society.
참고문헌 (17)
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