프랑스 사회통합모델의 특수성과 다문화주의의 도전
Peculiarity of the Social Integration Model in France and Challenge of Multiculturalism
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France is a society where ethnic minorities try individually to integrate itself into mainstream society rather than exist as a separated group, differently with countries such as Canada and Australia where the multiculturalism has developed. Therefore this country has not been a society having condi - tions suitable for multiculturalism based on the recognition of ethnic mi - nority culture as collective rights. But since the ban on employment-based immigration in 1974 which caused unexpected results of sedentarization, has come to the fore the existence of ethnic minorities especially those of non_european origin, having difficulties of integration and consequently living together in an isolated area. It’s in this context that multiculturalism emerged recently in French society. But multiculturalism have had a hard time being recognized in French society which emphasizes a homogeneity as a citizen more than a recognition of ethnic heterogeneity. Also, it takes the form of ‘interculturalism’ which considers a concrete intercultural - ism as an essence of culture, differently with anglo-saxon multicultural - ism which is limited to the recognition of distinguished individual cultures regarded as a fixed one. For example, ‘intercultural education’ focuses on the multiculturality which is experienced in everyday life such as diverse forms of intenactions with their classmates and teachers the students from immigrant families practice in the school. The French immigration policy of the early 2000 is too complex to be explained simply by the dichotomy of republicanism versus multiculturalism.
Abstract
France is a society where ethnic minorities try individually to integrate itself into mainstream society rather than exist as a separated group, differently with countries such as Canada and Australia where the multiculturalism has developed. Therefore this country has not been a society having condi - tions suitable for multiculturalism based on the recognition of ethnic mi - nority culture as collective rights. But since the ban on employment-based immigration in 1974 which caused unexpected results of sedentarization, has come to the fore the existence of ethnic minorities especially those of non_european origin, having difficulties of integration and consequently living together in an isolated area. It’s in this context that multiculturalism emerged recently in French society. But multiculturalism have had a hard time being recognized in French society which emphasizes a homogeneity as a citizen more than a recognition of ethnic heterogeneity. Also, it takes the form of ‘interculturalism’ which considers a concrete intercultural - ism as an essence of culture, differently with anglo-saxon multicultural - ism which is limited to the recognition of distinguished individual cultures regarded as a fixed one. For example, ‘intercultural education’ focuses on the multiculturality which is experienced in everyday life such as diverse forms of intenactions with their classmates and teachers the students from immigrant families practice in the school. The French immigration policy of the early 2000 is too complex to be explained simply by the dichotomy of republicanism versus multiculturalism.
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