문화예술을 활용한 도시재생의 공간디자인에 관한 사례 비교연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) This study researched and compared existing cases of urban regeneration that achieved successful results by utilizing foreign culture and arts and design methods of each urban regeneration case by referring to urban regeneration cases that utilized culture and arts for similar purposes in Korea. (Method) In this study, we first conducted a theoretical review of urban regeneration. The methods of space design utilizing culture and arts found in urban regeneration cases in Korea and overseas were analyzed and compared. The selected cases were the High Line in the United States and Seoullo 7017, the Tate Modern in the UK and Mapo Oil Tank Culture Park, and Zeche Zollverein in Germany and Samtan Art Mine. (Results) The High Line and Seoullo 7017 had similar uses before and after regeneration. The spaces were regenerated from railways and roads to sidewalks that serve as parks. In the High Line, many facilities borrowed from and utilized past places and roles as design concepts. Seoullo 7017 did not sufficiently utilize its unique location, where the symbolism or temporality of the past Seoul Station overpass could be experienced as part of the spatial design. Tate Modern and Mapo Oil Tank Culture Park exhibited commonality in that both utilized their distinctive spatial characteristics as cultural spaces to trigger communication of the present, time, and memory. Tate Modern was regenerated as a distinguished art museum by utilizing the vast space of a thermal power plant; similarly, the space design of Mapo Oil Tank Culture Park used the original characteristics of the oil tank. Modern space and artworks were arranged in both the Zollverein and Samtan Art Mine cases, while the dark, bleak image of a mine was utilized in the diverse art spaces, along with the artworks. The difference is that Zollverein has a stronger programming aspect that attempts to “utilize” space continuously and to a greater extent. Samtan Art Mine showed a stronger tendency toward the cultural and artistic utilization of the place’s characteristics within the existing space. (Conclusions) First, spatiality appeared as a three-dimensional application that provided the horizontal and vertical composition and sequence changes in the existing facility’s space. Second, the symbolism of the space was exhibited to a greater extent through the distinctive harmony of the story of the place with modern elements. Third, temporality was shown to be an exhibition method that induced movement to embody the continuity of perception, enabling the experience of temporal flow.