The research on kindergarten and sliver house’s public place structure －Base on America, Europe, Japan, China－

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Statistics released by the Ministry of Administration and Security in 2019 show that the population over 65 years old reached 8 million, but the total population of South Korea is declining. With the development of the industry and the decline in the birth rate ,the rapid development of aging, the role of the silver house has gained more and more attention in the society. Nowadays, with the increasing demand for facilities for the elderly and children's facilities Facilities for the seniors are integrated, and the concept of integration is being introduced to the central urban area where it is difficult to secure land. This research aims at understanding the spatial characteristics of spatial components through case studies of kindergartens and silver house complex facilities in The United States, Europe, Japan, and China, as the basic data for the spatial composition of future kindergartens and silver house complex facilities. (Method) Research methods include: first, to explore the concept and types of compound space through theoretical investigation， second, to grasp the physical, psychological and social characteristics of the senior and children to derive the spatial components. Third, classify the spatial components and obtain the spatial characteristics. Fourth, on this basis, the spatial characteristics of the five comprehensive facilities of overseas kindergartens and silver houses are derived. (Results) The spatial characteristics of the comprehensive space include barrier-freeness, stability, mobility, openness, and convenience. Through case investigations, the function-centered spatial characteristics of barrier-freeness, safety, and convenience are generally evaluated above average. But experience activities; lack of the role of space, such as communication activities, activities and openness where children and the seniors can be together. The establishment of a function-centric facility infrastructure can increase the satisfaction of guardians and managers, but considering the sensory and experience space elements of children and the seniors are lacking. (Conclusions) With the aging, the surge of silver houses is the result of hope to show superficial results. Due to the decrease in the demand for low-birth children's facilities and the increasing demand for silver houses by aging, there are difficulties in land security. However, through the kindergarten and silver house integrated space, the economic benefits and the regeneration of existing buildings are important Remarkable. However, the spatial feature elements that reflect the physical, psychological and social characteristics of children and the seniors are not function-centered, but the need for user-centered spatial characteristics rises. Looking forward to applying these to improve the satisfaction of children and the seniors , in the future, through space project research, more effective kindergarten and silver house integrated spaces will appear.