日中の｢料金｣を表す接尾辞についての考察(一) -｢-費｣｢-金｣を中心に-
A Study on the Suffixes Representing ｢expense｣ in Japanese and Chinese-Focusing on “-hi” and “-kin”-
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초록
本研究では日中における｢-費｣｢-金｣という｢料金｣を表す接尾辞の使用実態を分析した。朝日新聞記事を分析対象とし、日中翻訳における｢-費｣と｢-金｣の意味やニュアンスのズレが十分に反映されないことが分かった。中国語では｢-费｣で表現されることが多いのに対し、日本語では｢-費｣は固定支出であり、｢-金｣は制度的金銭に使い分けられることを明らかにした。特に和製漢語は中国語と字形が同じでも意味が異なり、誤訳リスクが高い。AI翻訳では日中接尾辞の微妙なズレが適切に使い分けられない課題も確認された。本研究の成果は日本語教育においてAI翻訳が有効に活用できる提案を提示し、中国人日本語学習者の日本語コミュニケーション能力向上に役立つことを願う。
Abstract
This study analyzes the usage patterns of the suffixes “-hi” and “-kin” denoting “expense” in Japanese and Chinese. Using Asahi Shimbun articles as the primary analysis material, it reveals that the subtle differences in meaning and nuance between “-hi” and “-kin” in Japanese are often not adequately reflected in Japanese-Chinese translation. The research demonstrates that while Chinese tends to use “-hi” more broadly, Japanese distinguishes “-kin” for fixed/regular expenditures and “-kin” for institutional/formal payments. Particularly, Japanese-made Chinese characters, despite sharing identical written forms with their Chinese counterparts, often carry different meanings, posing high risks of mistranslation. The study also identifies challenges in AI translation, which frequently fails to properly handle these subtle distinctions between Japanese and Chinese suffixes. The result of this study in Japanese Language Education AI I would like to propose a proposal that the translation can be utilized effectively and to help improve the Japanese language ability of Chinese learners of Japanese.