쿠빌라이 집권 초기 관리등용의 성격-漢人儒士 중용 문제에 대한 비판적 검토

Abstract

Khubilai emphasized two parts of Confucianism: First thing is practicality of Confucianism as a useful tool to rule Chinese area(漢地) and second are necessary practical knowledge and talents of Chinese scholars(漢人儒士) in order to establishment of his regime. He was not interested in the essential ideology and values of Confucianism, the Chinese scholars’ Confucian refinement and academic level. Therefore, he didn’t appoint Chinese scholars to the officials at the central and provincial government offices at the early era of his rule. The number of Chinese scholars in the government officials was not more than those who are non-Chinese officials, and even though most of them were intellectuals who had studied Confucianism in-depth, there were only a few them who revealed the aspect of a typical ‘Confucian scholar’ putting Confucian ideas into practice in the political fields afterwards. He trusted strongly and employed Wang Wen Tong(王文統) who is a capable government official in charge. Some Chinese scholars criticized his politics for the sake of Confucian ideology, but Khubilai actively protected him from his opponents’ attack. This tendency of the way of his assignment to government officials continued when appointing Ahmad to a financial official after Li-Tan(李璮)’s rebellion. Accordingly, the nature of Khubilai’s assignment to government officials before and after Li-Tan’s rebellion should be newly understood as ‘continuance,’ not as ‘change.’