중국의 ‘국학 태권도’ 교육과정 사례연구
A Case Study on the Chinese Guoxue Taekwondo Curriculum
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초록
[목적] 이 연구는 태권도의 해외 토착화 사례로서 중국의 국학 태권도 교육과정의 운영 사례를 조사 및 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 통해, 변모된 태권도의 새로운 모습을 확인할 수 있었다. [방법] 중국 내 국학 태권도와 대중 태권도의 교육과정 문서를 수집하고, 문헌에 나타나지 않은 현장 자료를 수집하기 위해 2016년 9월부터 2017년 2월까지 6개월간 수업 관찰을 실시하며, 지도자 5인을 대상으로 면담을 진행하였다. 수집된 자료는 Bereday의 비교방법론을 적용하여 서술, 해석, 병치, 비교의 단계를 거쳐 분석하였다. [결과] 첫째, 교육목표는 정신문화의 이해, 건강한 육체와 호신능력, 수련생의 지능개발, 이무전덕 전승 중국 전통문화로 나타났다. 둘째, 교육내용은 예의 및 정신, 기본기술, 제자규품새, 병법실전, 중정봉, 호신술, 격파 및 특기, 태권도(조)무, 겨루기 시합으로 나타났다. 셋째, 교수학습방법은 시범교육법, 해석교육법, 반복연습법으로 나타났다. 넷째, 평가방법은 실기형 평가법, 관찰형 평가법, 구술형 평가법, 실습형 평가법이 사용되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 태권도에 중국의 전통사상이 결합되어 만들어진 국학 태권도는 한국에서 전파된 대중 태권도와는 목표, 내용, 방법, 평가에서 큰 차이가 나타났으며, 이에 따라 태권도의 저변 확대를 위한 후속연구를 제안하였다.
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast the curriculum of Chinese Guo xue Taekwondo and public Taekwondo. [Method] We collected documents related to Chinese Guoxue Taekwondo and General Taekwondo curriculum. Also, we conducted a participant observation in Taekwondo classrooms from September 2016 to February 2017 and held an interview with 5 research participants. The collected data was processed by the method of Bereday. [Results] First, the educational goal was understanding the mental values, sound body and self protection, improving intelligence, transmitting the Chinese traditional culture called Imujeondeok. Second, the education contents consisted of manners, basic skills, Jejagyu poomsae, military strategy, Jungjeongbong, self defense, smashing, Taegwondomu, Taekwondo sparring. Third, the teaching and learning consisted of demonstration education, interpretation education, repeated practice. Fourth, practical skill evaluation, observation evaluation, oral evaluation, practical exercise evaluation was held. [Conclusion] Guoxue Taekwondo which is combined with the traditional cultures of China shows many difference between the general Taekwondo of Korea in the educational goal, content, method, and evaluation. In this point of view, we suggested a follow up research in order to expand the base of Taekwondo.
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