동춘당 송준길家 한글간찰의 표기법 특징

Abstract

This study analyzed orthography of letters used from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century in Dongchudang Song Jun-gil’s family Hangeul Letters to consider the orthographic features of Korean during the Enlightenment Period. Through this, it’s found that in Hangeul Letters coexist colloquial elements(yeoncheol & jungcheol writing and etc.) and conservative elements of writing(‘ㆍ’ intermixed, ㄹㄴ-writing and etc.). First, while yeoncheol/jungcheol/buncheol writings were intermixedly used, buncheol writing appeared more in declension, yeoncheol writing in inflection. For this reason, it discussed that the phases of yeoncheol and buncheol writing cannot exclude the writing tendency by morphologic category along with the writing tendency by time. As for jungcheol writing, most of jungcheol writing appears in word form with ‘ㅅ(ㄷ)’ at the end of nouns while most of inflection appears in ‘있­’, a predicate of modern Korean. Second, "ㅅ"-initial onset Clusters are used to write fortis while ‘b’-initial onset clusters are hardly found. Third, though ‘ㆍ’ gets nasalized, it appears in various forms like ‘ᄒᆞ나(hana 1147), ᄉᆡᆼ각(saenggak 1131), 동ᄂᆡ(dongnae 1151), 쳘ᄂᆞᄅᆞ(>cheolroro, 1191), 만흘ᄉᆞ록(>maneulsurok, 1150), 모ᄅᆞ오니(moroni 1063).’ fourth, through writing ‘ㅅ’ at the end of syllable, it’s guessed that ‘있’ of predicate stem and ‘­았/었­, ­겠­’ of verbal conjugation in the modern Korean were ‘잇­, ­앗/엇­, ­겟­’ in their underlying form at that time. Fifth, it’s found that ‘ㄹㄴ’-form appeared in various settings. It appeared in predicates like ‘팔니면(1135), 놀납­(1152),’ in Chinese character composition like ‘쳘ᄂᆞ(鐵路 1191)’ while declension appeared in ‘ㄹㄴ’-form by adverbial particle, ‘로,’ combined with ‘ㄹ’ at the end of noun like ‘ᄯᅡᆯ노(1130), ᄉᆞ별노(1130), 시골노(1151).’ This intermixing of various writings in Korean during the Enlightenment Period got unified and codified as in modern Korean when 『The Draft for Unified Spelling System of Hangeul』(1933) was decreed.