정묘호란 직후 ‘李仁居의 난’ 연구

Abstract

When the Later Jin invasion of Joseon occurred in 1627(Injo 5), Joseon made a pledge of relationship of brother with the Later Jin(後金). But the pledge was against criticism on foreign policy of King Gwanghaegun(光海君) which is one of justifications for Injo(仁祖) coup. So some continued to oppose peace treaty with the Later Jin. ‘Rebellion of Lee In-geo(李仁居)’ occurred in September, 1627 just after the Later Jin invasion of Joseon was the first rebellion to oppose peace treaty with the Later Jin. Lee In-geo resented peace treaty with the Later Jin and called himself ‘ChanguiJoongheung Daejang(倡義中興大將)’, and said that he would gather up the military and go up to Seoul to punish retainers of group to oppose war(主和派) and fight with the Later Jin in Uijoo(義州). However, Jin Geuk-il(陳克一), a Confucian without official rank in Hoengseong(橫城) and Hong Bo(洪寶), the governor of Wonju(原州牧使) informed situation of rebellion to the Court. Especially, Hong Bo gathered soldiers before taking action by the Court and caught Lee In-geo. In the process of investigation on group of Lee In-geo, there was a statement that “a true lord(眞主) exists”. But he overlooked this statement. This is because he did not want to get royal clansmen to suffer in regards to the rebellion of Lee In-geo. On the other hand, so called ‘the rebellion of Yoo Hyo-lip(柳孝立)’ occurred in January, 1628(Injo 6). Yoo Hyo-lip etc., saying secret orders of Queen Mother and King Gwanghaegun, made Gwanghaegun another King and tried to have the honor of having Inseonggun(仁城君) as King. Injo ordered to burn statement to describe crime related to Yoo Hyo-lip to protect royal clansmen again. To Injo, it was no different from ‘Deposing mother and killing younger brother(廢母殺弟)’ of Gwanghaegun to punish royal clansmen only with simple statement and rebel’s statement. However, there was a statement that “a true lord exists” in regards to the rebellion of Lee In-geo. In the rebellion of Yoo Hyo-lip, he tried to have the honor of having Inseonggun as King. So public opinion at the time recognized that the two events were connected. As a result, investigation was made again on the group of Lee In-geo who stated that “a true lord exists”. In the end, Injo ordered exile and then suicide to Inseonggun. Since then, Injo held Hoimaengje(會盟祭) together with Somu meritorious retainers(昭武功臣) who contributed to suppress the rebellion of Lee In-geo and Nyeongsa meritorious retainers(寧社功臣) who contributed to suppress the rebellion of Yoo Hyo-lip etc. Two Nokhoons were integrated to one, 『Somunyeongsarokgwon Dogamuigwe(昭武寧社錄券都監儀軌)』. As the result of the Later Jin invasion of Joseon, Joseon could not discuss longer about criticism on Gwanghaegun’s betray of ‘Grace to save ruined nation(再造之恩)’ which was justification for Injo coup. Rebellion of Lee In-geo(李仁居) just after the Later Jin invasion of Joseon painfully pointed out self-contradiction of subject forces for Injo coup. And in the rebellion of Lee In-geo, rebellion of Yoo Hyo-lip etc., Inseonggun who was one of royal family was killed based on simple statement and rebel’s statement. This overshadowed criticism on ‘Deposing mother and killing younger brother(廢母殺弟)’ of Gwanghaegun which was another great justification. This also made lose cause of Injo coup.