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코로나 대유행이 부정정서, 우울, PTSD 증상, 자살사고에 미치는 영향에 관한 4개월 단기종단연구

A 4 month Short-term Longitudinal Study on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Negative Affect, Depression, PTSD Symptoms, and Suicide Ideation

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주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 코로나 대유행 시기 개인의 부정정서, 우울, PTSD 증상, 자살사고의 변화 양상을 4개월 간격 두 시점으로 조사하고, 1시점의 정신건강 변인, 인구사회학적 변인, 감염에 대한 두려움, 일상생활 어려움 변인이 2시점의 정신건강에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하였다. 1시점 설문은 코로나 대유행이 본격화된 2020년 4월 13일부터 4월 21일까지 실시되었으며, 2시점 설문은 수도권을 중심으로 2차 유행이 시작된 2020년 8월 21일부터 9월 2일까지 실시되었다. 대응표본 T검정을 실시한 결과, 부정정서와 우울은 1시점에 비해 2시점에서 그 증상이 더욱 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 위계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 1시점의 부정정서, 우울, PTSD 증상, 자살사고가 높을수록 2시점에 부정정서, 우울, PTSD 증상, 자살사고를 더욱 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났으며, 1시점에 병원 이용의 어려움을 경험한 개인일수록 2시점에 부정정서와 PTSD 증상, 자살사고를 높게 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 여성일수록 2시점에 높은 부정정서와 PTSD 증상을 보이며, 연령이 낮을수록 2시점에 우울과 자살사고를 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어 1인 가구에 해당할수록 2시점에 높은 수준의 우울을 경험하고, 본인 감염에 대한 두려움을 경험할수록 2시점에 PTSD 증상을 경험할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 논의 및 시사점이 제시되었다.

Abstract

This study examined the changes aspect in negative affect, depression, PTSD symptoms, suicidal ideation experienced by adults in Korea in the COVID-19 pandemic situation at four months two-time points, and it was confirmed how the variables of mental health, demographic, fear of infection, and difficulties in daily life at Time 1 affects mental health at Time 2. The first survey was conducted between April 13, 2020, and 21, after the COVID-19 epidemic began in earnest. The second survey was conducted between August 21 to September 2, when the second epidemic began in the metropolitan area. As a result of the paired t-test, negative affect and depression were found to increase in the second period compared to the first period. In addition, hierarchical regression analysis showed that the higher the negative affect, depression, PTSD symptoms, and suicide ideation in the first period, the more negative affect, depression, PTSD symptoms, and suicide ideation in the second period. And individuals who experienced difficulties in using the hospital at the first period were found to experience higher levels of negative emotions, PTSD symptoms and suicidal ideation at the seceond period. Furthermore, it was found that women showed higher negative affect and PTSD symptoms in the secondary period, and the younger the age, the more depression and suicide ideation they experienced in the secondary period. In addition, it was found that the more one person household, the higher the level of depression they experienced in the secondary period, and the more they experienced fear of contagion for oneself, the higher the probability of experiencing PTSD symptoms in the second period. Based on the results, discussions and implications were presented.

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