≪上博楚簡≫孔子語錄文中受事介詞的語義指向 －以“爲”、“及”爲中心

Abstract

In 15 pieces of The Bamboo Slips of Chu Collected in Shanghai Museum, except for 䊷衣 and 民之父母 that passed down to generations, are all non-handed down Warring States literature. The ways in which the function word used in the literature are far less abundant than in the handed-down ancient classics, and the frequency of its occurrence contrasts sharply with the findings of the handed-down ancient classics. Confucius respects propriety and values trust, and is deeply influenced by the rites of Zhou. He has also made contributions to running his school and giving lectures. The ideology of respecting and valuing propriety is expressed through language, and the function word can best reflect the language styles of the speaker. This article investigates the semantic meaning of the prepositions “爲(wei)” and “及(ji)” in the oracle bones and bronze inscriptions, and further analyzes the semantic meaning of the prepositions used in Confucius' discourse. It is found that Confucius' emphasis on “propriety” can be reflected in the use of the word “于(yu)”. The preposition “及” and “为” also introduce the objects involved in the action. The object introduced by the preposition “及” mainly contains the semantic direction of the alms and concessions from the superior to the subordinate; The usage of the preposition “爲” is relatively monotonous. It is mainly used to introduce the object for which the action is performed, and the semantic direction is to express the mere object for which the action is performed.