제정초기 로마시의 곡물수요와 곡물수송에 대한 고찰
The Grain Demand and Transport for Rome in the Early Roman Empire
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Roman emperors always kept the crisis and the riot through the grain shortage in mind. In order to prevent the food crisis, they secured the bulk grain by ruling North Africa and Egypt as a source of grain supply for Rome. Also, they ruled Egypt through the prefect from equites who was very reliable and expanded their private domain in North Africa. Roman emperors established and propagandized their power through it. The sea route in the Mediterranean Sea is important in order to transport the grain which secured in Africa and Egypt to Rome. However, the grain shipping in the Mediterranean Sea was not safe at that time. Because the piracy was violent in the Mediterranean Sea. In order to sweep away the pirate, Roman emperors organized the permanent fleet that stationed in Misenum, Ravenna and Alexandria. And Roman emperors expected the profession and the continuity of service by appointing the equites as a commander of fleet. But Roman emperors in the early Roman empire faced with a problem that could not solve through the public policy. It is the service that transport the grain from Africa and Egypt to Rome. They realized the limitation of Roman government and performed this service by contracting out the transport of grain to private ship-owners and grain merchants. In order to engage more readily with contractors and promote a suitable contracting environment, Roman emperors instituted a variety of additional benefits and incentives. Roman emperors controlled the whole business of grain supply and enlarged their power and received the considerable support through this policy of Roman emperors that contracted the public service out to private service providers. Therefore, the supervision of emperors for the grain supply established stably the new system of Principatus in Roman society.
Abstract
Roman emperors always kept the crisis and the riot through the grain shortage in mind. In order to prevent the food crisis, they secured the bulk grain by ruling North Africa and Egypt as a source of grain supply for Rome. Also, they ruled Egypt through the prefect from equites who was very reliable and expanded their private domain in North Africa. Roman emperors established and propagandized their power through it. The sea route in the Mediterranean Sea is important in order to transport the grain which secured in Africa and Egypt to Rome. However, the grain shipping in the Mediterranean Sea was not safe at that time. Because the piracy was violent in the Mediterranean Sea. In order to sweep away the pirate, Roman emperors organized the permanent fleet that stationed in Misenum, Ravenna and Alexandria. And Roman emperors expected the profession and the continuity of service by appointing the equites as a commander of fleet. But Roman emperors in the early Roman empire faced with a problem that could not solve through the public policy. It is the service that transport the grain from Africa and Egypt to Rome. They realized the limitation of Roman government and performed this service by contracting out the transport of grain to private ship-owners and grain merchants. In order to engage more readily with contractors and promote a suitable contracting environment, Roman emperors instituted a variety of additional benefits and incentives. Roman emperors controlled the whole business of grain supply and enlarged their power and received the considerable support through this policy of Roman emperors that contracted the public service out to private service providers. Therefore, the supervision of emperors for the grain supply established stably the new system of Principatus in Roman society.
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