도시 역사문화환경 관리에서의 지역사회 참여 개선안 연구 - 오스트리아 그라츠시 사례를 중심으로 -

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Recently, with the widening scope and perception of the historical and cultural environment, positive movements and projects to manage it well are occurring all over the country. Old urban places, which survived modernization and managed to maintain their historic context, are strengthening urban competitiveness, revitalization, and regeneration as attractive tourist spots and neighborhood communities. However, most procedures for the participation of local communities are limited and do not fully reflect the social needs. By contrast, the city of Graz, a World Heritage city, is a representative example of actively involving the local community through participation and consultation to manage historic environments. Therefore, this study aimed to derive recommendations for the management of the domestic urban historic environment from an analysis of the relevant laws, related subjects, and participation methods of Graz. (Method) This study adopted a literature review, case study, field investigation, and in-depth interviews as research methods. The concept, scope, and methods of community participation in the historical and cultural environment were reviewed based on previous studies, and the current status and limitations of community participation were identified by analyzing domestic laws, systems, and related plans. In addition, field surveys and interviews with officials were conducted for the in-depth case analysis. (Results) Although the perception of the participation of stakeholders, including local governments, experts, and other community parties, has been greatly strengthened compared to the past, there remained limitations in active participation due to strong procedural characteristics. There were limits in terms of continuity and sustainability, such as the fact that expert participation was also managed by the administration, and design reviews differed according to the laws. However, in the case of Graz, stakeholders were organically involved in activities ranging from designation, laws, plans, and policies to value making and the cultivation of professional manpower. In particular, regular public discussions and the reflection of conclusions drawn from these discussions in relevant policies should be noted, as they actively leveraged the community’s desire to improve their surroundings and manage the historic environment. (Conclusions) Ultimately, the realization of management policies to create a harmonious historic urban environment is not the responsibility of administrators or experts alone but the responsibility and authority of all stakeholders of a local community. Therefore, the administration, local residents, and experts should all participate from the beginning in establishing design guidelines. In addition, it is necessary for the administration to continuously promote education and publicity to enable experts, clients, implementers, and citizens to understand and share the importance and direction of the historic urban environment.