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Google 문서를 활용한 대학 논술 수업의 온라인 소집단 동료피드백 양상 및 학습자 인식

Patterns and learner perception of online small group peer feedback in a college writing class using Google Docs

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이 연구는 동시적·비동시적인 피드백 과정이 가시화되는 Google 문서를 활용한 교직 논술 수업에서 온라인 소집단동료피드백의 양상과 학생들의 인식을 파악하고자 하였다. 6주간 총 3회의 논술 글쓰기 및 3회의 온라인 소집단동료피드백을 수행하였고 그 활동의 결과 데이터로 피드백의 빈도, 양, 대상영역, 유형 및 집단 내 상호작용 양상을분석하였다. 주요 연구결과로 첫째, 피드백은 글의 ‘내용’과 ‘표현’에 대해서 가장 빈번히 이루어졌다. 피드백의 양으로는‘내용’ 대한 것이 가장 많았고, 뒤이어 글의 ‘구성’이었다. 유형별 빈도는 ‘대안제시형’, ‘단순소감형’, ‘오류지적형’ 순이었고, 피드백 양으로 보면 ‘대안제시형’, ‘논평형’ 순이었다. 둘째, 피드백 활동이 가장 활발했던 모둠의 경우피드백이 글의 ‘내용’과 ‘구성’을 중심으로 ‘대안제시형’과 ‘논평형’이 주를 이루었다. 저조한 모둠의 경우 ‘구성’과‘표현’에 대한 ‘대안제시형’과 ‘오류지적형’이 주된 유형이었다. 활발한 모둠의 경우 피드백의 1차, 2차 댓글로 이루어지는상호작용이 활발하게 이루어진 반면 저조한 모둠은 피드백 간 상호작용은 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 학습자들은피드백 활동이 다소 부담스럽지만 피드백 활동 기록이 남는 것으로 인해 책임감이 컸고 자신의 글쓰기에도 도움이되었다고 보고하였다. 구글 문서를 활용한 온라인 소집단 동료피드백 활동은 대면 수업보다 피드백 활동의 빈도, 양이 늘어나고, 피드백 대상이 내용, 구성까지 확대되며, 단순 오류지적을 넘어 구체적인 대안을 제공하는 수준까지이루어진 것으로 나타났다. 또한 피드백이 글과 피드백 제공자 간의 상호작용에 제한되지 않고 여러 집단 구성원간의 상호작용으로 확대되었다. 피드백 제공활동의 교육적 효과 및 상호작용 빈도와 질제고를 위해 구글문서와 같은온라인 협력적 글쓰기, 협력 학습 지원 테크놀로지 적용이 확산되기를 기대한다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to understand the patterns and students' perceptions of online small group peer feedback in a college writing class using Google Docs. A total of 3 individual essay writing and online small group peer feedback were performed for 6 weeks. The frequency, word amount, target area, type, and interaction patterns of peer feedback were analyzed. First, feedback was most frequently provided o n the 'content' and 'expression' of the essay. As for the amount of feedback, 'content' was the most, followed by 'organization'. The frequency of each type was ‘alternative suggestion,’ ‘simple reaction,’ and ‘error correction’ in order, and in terms of the word amount, ‘alternative suggestion’ and ‘critique.’ Second, in the most active feedback group, the feedback was focused on the ‘content’ and ‘organization’, and the ‘alternative suggestion’ and the ‘critique’ type. In the inactive group, the main feedback types were “alternative suggestion” and “error correction” for “organization” and “expression.” In the active group, the interaction among peer feedback was noticeable, while the inactive group did not show any interaction. Third, the learners reported that the feedback activity was burdensome, but the record of the activity posed a sense of responsibility. The o nline small group peer feedback activity using Google Docs showed that the frequency and amount of feedback increased compared to face-to-face classes, and the subject of feedback expanded to content and organization. It was found to have gone beyond superficial error detection to the level of providing detailed alternatives. In addition, the feedback expanded to the interaction between group members. The application of technologies suah as Google Docs to support online collaborative writing and feedback will improve the educational effect of the feedback providing activities and enrich the frequency and quality of interactions.

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