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유교가 한국 초기 기독교 성장에 끼친 영향

The Influence of Confucianism on the Growth of Early Christianity in Korea

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이 논문의 주된 목적은 유교가 한국 초기 기독교 성장에 끼친 영향을 유교적 맥락에서 그 타당성을 탐구하는 것이다. 한국의 유교는 한국인들의 사고방식과 행동양식에 큰 영향을 미쳤기 때문에 오늘날 한국에 남아있는 유교적 수행 체계는 물론이고 현대 한국 기독교와 결합하여 존재한다. 이는 17세기 초 천주교와 19세기 말 개신교의 선교활동부터 유교가 한국 기독교의 성장에 중요한 역할을 했기 때문이다. 이에 본고는 17세기 조선 유학자들의 기독교와의 접촉과 18세기 이를 통한 그들의 신학적 저술 활동들, 천주교 추도의식의 유교적 토착화와 이로 인한 가족중심적인 교회의 탄생, 한문성경의 한글 번역, 유교적 사상에 기초한 천주교의 급속한 성장을 바탕으로 탄생된 토착 종교, 그리고 유교적 배경에서 자란 가족일원에 의한 영어 신약성경의 한국어 번역 등을 연구-소개함으로써 유교가 한국 초기 기독교 성장에 끼친 영향을 유교적 맥락에서 탐구한다. 특히 서구 기독교를 한국 문화와 언어로 토착화하려는 그들의 시도에 대해 논의하면서 한국의 기독교 신앙에는 결론적으로 유교적 뿌리와 맥락이 존재함을 주장한다.

Abstract

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the validity of the Confucian context in Korean Christianity. Because Confucianism in Korea greatly influenced the way of thinking and behavior of Korean people, it exists in combination with modern Korean Christianity as well as the Confucian practices that remain in Korea today. This is because Confucianism played an important role in the growth of Korean Christianity from the missionary activities of Catholicism in the early 17th century and Protestantism in the late 19th century. Accordingly, this paper explores the Confucian context of Korean Christianity by studying the processes in which Korean Confucian scholars came into contact with Christianity in the 17th century. In particular, their attempts to indigenize Western Christianity into Korean culture and language are discussed. In conclusion, it is argued that Korean Christian faith has Confucian roots and contexts.

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