카자흐스탄 내 비카자흐계 민족 엘리트의 통제와 관리
Control Strategy of Non-Kazakh Elites in Kazakhstan
0
조회
0
다운로드
5
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Kazakhstan has not experienced any ethnically motivated conflict since the country achieved independence in 1991. The fact that political stability has been secured in independent Kazakhstan, has generally been considered as one of the most important achievements of the Nazarbaev regime. Nazarbaev certainly uses a wide variety of strategies in order to control the non-Kazakh ethnic groups, especially the ethnic Russians. This paper analyses some of his preferred tools of governance and expose them to closer scrutiny, try to explain how they are being used, and demonstrate some of the effects they have produced. While consociationalism is a model of democratic coexistence which has been tried out in various forms in several countries of the world in order to promote stability and democracy in divided societies, it has also been severely criticized by others. For their part, the Kazakh leadership has clearly rejected it. The paper shows that the hegemonic control model is appropriate to the Kazakh case.
Abstract
Kazakhstan has not experienced any ethnically motivated conflict since the country achieved independence in 1991. The fact that political stability has been secured in independent Kazakhstan, has generally been considered as one of the most important achievements of the Nazarbaev regime. Nazarbaev certainly uses a wide variety of strategies in order to control the non-Kazakh ethnic groups, especially the ethnic Russians. This paper analyses some of his preferred tools of governance and expose them to closer scrutiny, try to explain how they are being used, and demonstrate some of the effects they have produced. While consociationalism is a model of democratic coexistence which has been tried out in various forms in several countries of the world in order to promote stability and democracy in divided societies, it has also been severely criticized by others. For their part, the Kazakh leadership has clearly rejected it. The paper shows that the hegemonic control model is appropriate to the Kazakh case.
참고문헌 (25)
- 이재영, "카자흐스탄 정치 엘리트와 권력구조 연구" (2009), 對外經濟政策硏究院
- 岡奈津子, "カザフスタン:権威主義体制における民族的亀裂の統制, In 西・中央アジアにおける亀裂構造と政治体制" (2006), アジア 経済研究所
- Alexandrov, Mikhail, "Uneasy, In Uneasy Alliance: Relations between Russia and Kazakhstan in the Post-Soviet Era, 1992-1997" (1999), Greenwood Press
- Barry, Brian, "The Consociational Model and Its Dangers", European Journal of Political Research, 3 (1975)
- Bowyer, Anthony C., "Parliament and Political Parties in Kazakhstan, Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program" (2008), Johns Hopkins University
- Bremmer, Ian, "The Trouble with Democracy in Kazakhstan", Central Asian Survey, 15(2) (1996)
- Cummings, Sally N, "Kazakhstan: Power and the Elite" (2005), I.B.Tauris
- Dahl, Robert A, "Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition" (1971), Yale University Press
- Dave, Bhavna, "National Revival in Kazakhstan: Language Shift and Identity Change", Post-Soviet Affairs, 12(1) (2006)
- Dave, Bhavna, "Kazakhstan: Ethnicity, Language and Power" (2007), Routledge
- Dinç, Deniz, "Nationality Policies in Post-Soviet Kazakhstan", 석사, pp.2010
- "Ethnic War as a Commitment Problem" (1995)[URL]
- Horowitz, Donald L., "Democracy in Divided Societies, In Nationalism, Ethnic Conflict, and Democracy" (1994), Johns Hopkins University Press
- Howard, Natalia V., "Kazakh and Russian Identities in Transition: The Case of Kazakhstan", 박사, pp.2011
- Kurganskaia, Valentina, "The Party System in Kazakhstan and the Ethnic Issue", Central Asia and the Caucasus, (2) (2005)
- Lijphart, Arend, "Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration" (1977), Yale University Press
- Lustick, Ian, "Stability in Deeply Divided Societies: Consociationalism versus Control", World Politics, 31(3) (1979)
- McGarry, John, "Introduction: The Macro‐ Political Regulation of Ethnic Conflict, In The Politics of Ethnic Conflict Regulation: Case Studies of Protracted Ethnic Conflicts" (1993), Routledge
- Melvin, Neil, "Russians beyond Russia: The Politics of National Identity" (1995), Pinter
- Melvin, Neil, "The Russians: Diaspora and the End of Empire, In Nations Abroad: Diaspora Politics and International Relations in the Former Soviet Union" (1998), Westview Press
- Oka, Natsuko, "The ‘Triadic Nexus’ in Kazakhstan: A Comparative Study of Russians, Uighurs, and Koreans, In Beyond Sovereignty: From Status Law to Transnational Citizenship?" (2006), Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido University
- Ethnicity and Elections under Authoritarianism: The Case of Kazakhstan, "Oka, Natsuko", IDE, ~, pp.IDE Discussion Paper, No. 194 (2009)
- Spehr, Scott, "Kazakhstan: constructing identity in a post-Soviet society", Asian Ethnicity, 13(2) (2012)
- Аяганова, В, "Программные документы пол итических партий" (1994), Институт развития Казахстана
- Курганская, Валентина, "Национальный вопро с в программных документах политических партии и дви жении Казахстана", Центральная Азия и Кавказ, (4) (2000)