파마를 통해 본 혼례 전통과 규범의 변화 －한 농촌마을 여성 노인들의 ‘파마’ 기억을 중심으로－

Abstract

This study was conducted to place focus on how the members of one village society in the 1950s to 1960s accepted and used the perm, which is a disparate form of Western culture. For this, examinations were made through the oral statements of relevant agents of changing aspects as perms became formalities and articulations and observations were made of differences that appear according to generation sensitivity within that act. Perms, which were introduced into Korea during the Japanese colonial era, were a product of contemporary aesthetic consciousness but the consumption of women towards aesthetic desires became a cause for criticism as something that is extravagant and immoral. Also, such consumption made by women formed a complicated network with contemporary patriarchy. When perms were first adopted into farming villages, they were only done a few years after marriage after approval was given by the husband and his parents but gradually, they were done in weddings and engagements during the Sinhaeng(Bride Entering the Groom’s House after wedding ceremony) process. Within negative discourse surrounding the consumption of women, perms displayed aspects of being articulated into the practice of weddings for the maintenance of the patriarchal system. Changing hairstyles in weddings was a device to bring out change in the consciousness of existence. Traditionally, this ceremonial correlation was made through hairstyles stuck with a binyeo but as perms began to replace this, change was brought to ceremonial practices and ideas. Changes in appearance in wedding processes had affected ideas and tastes regarding traditional images of women. This study attempted to understand variations in ceremonial forms brought on by perms in wedding procedures as having brought fixed cracks in the reproduction of gender norms. In sum, as perms became monopolized in weddings, perms were recoded as the code for ‘married woman’ and the function of weddings changed, making them places where women would practice their aesthetic tastes. On one hand, the practice of perms of everyday life in ceremonies was also a transfer of perms back into the patriarchal system.