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프로티언과 전통적 경력지향 및 경력역량의 잠재프로파일 분석 : 국내 사이버대학교 재학생을 대상으로

Latent Profile Analysis of Protean and Traditional Career Orientations and Career Competencies: Focused on the Cyber University Students in South Korea

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초록

본 연구는 경력지향 및 경력역량에 따라 어떠한 잠재집단이 형성되는지 알아보고, 이러 한 프로파일에 따라 주관적 경력성공(고용가능성 ), 객관적 경력성공 (연봉 및 지위 ), 조직몰 입에서 차이가 있는지 확인하고자 하였다. 경력지향으로는 전통적 경력지향과 새로운 관점 의 커리어 중 하나인 프로티언 경력지향, 경력역량으로는 경력 정체성, 경력 적응성, 경력 행동을 포함하였다. 본 연구를 위해 서울 소재 한 사이버대학교 재학생 중 근로 성인을 대 상으로 온라인 설문을 진행하였고, 356명의 설문 응답을 바탕으로 잠재프로파일분석을 실 시하여 경력지향 및 경력역량에 따라 집단을 유형화하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 4개 잠재집단 으로 유의미하게 분류되었으며, 각 집단은 ‘전통적 역량개발형 ’, ‘혼합형 (평균형 )’, ‘프로티언 역량개발형 ’, ‘전통적 역량개발 미흡형 ’으로 명명하였다 .둘째 ,일원배치 분 산분석을 실시하여 잠재집단에 따른 고용가능성, 연봉, 지위, 조직몰입의 차이를 확인하였 다. 그 결과‘ 전통적 역량개발형’ 이‘ 전통적 역량개발 미흡형’ 에 비해 고용가능성을 낙관적으로 인식하였으며, 또한‘ 전통적 역량개발형’ 이‘ 프로티언 역량개발형’ 에 비해 높은 수준의 조직몰입을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 성인 계속 교육의 측면에서 개인의 경력역량 개발의 중요성과 조직관리의 측면에서의 시사점을 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study aimed at identifying latent profiles based on career orientations and career competencies and examining differences in subjective career success(employability), objective career success(salary, hierarchical position), and affective organizational commitment. Cross-sectional data were collected from 356 working adults enrolled at one Korean cyber university, and latent profile analysis was conducted. First, participants were classified into four latent profiles: ‘traditional and competent(7.6%)’, ‘mixed/averaged(82.8%)’, ‘protean and competent(4.2%)’, and ‘traditional and incompetent(5.4%)’. Our findings highlight that a mixed and averaged orientation is dominant among Korean adults who work and study. Second, one-way ANOVA was conducted to test the differences in career outcomes according to the generated profiles. The ‘Traditional and competent’ type perceived greater employability than the ‘traditional and incompetent’ group, and the ‘traditional and competent’ group exhibited stronger affective organizational commitment than the ‘protean and competent’ profile. Based on the findings, the importance of developing career competencies was discussed regarding continuing education for working adults.

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