잠재프로파일분석을 통한 성인 근로자의 경력역량 유형 분류 및 유형별 특성 분석
Latent Profile Analysis and Characteristics of Career Competencies among Korean Adult Workers
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초록
경력개발의 패러다임은 개인의 자기주도적 역할을 강조하는 방향으로 변화하고 있다. 이와 함께 자신이 원하는 근로 환경 또는 경력을 달성할 수 있는 경력개발을 위해 요구되는 역량으로 경력역량이 주목을 받고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 개인의 경력역량에 근거하여 성인근로자의 잠재유형을 파악하고, 경력역량 잠재유형별 인구통계학적 변인, 성과변인(직원몰입, 경력만족, 적응수행) 특성을 기술통계적으로 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 국내 성인 근로자 624명의 자료를 수집하여 잠재프로파일분석(latent profile analysis)을 실시하였으며, 잠재집단 유형별 인구통계학적 특성, 성과변인 특성을 파악하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 성인 근로자의 경력역량 잠재집단 유형은 수준에 따라 ‘경력역량 고수준’, ‘경력역량 중상수준’, ‘경력역량 중수준’, ‘경력역량 하수준’과 같이 4개 집단으로 도출되었다. 둘째, 경력역량 집단유형별 인구통계학적 특성은 성별을 제외하고 두드러지는 특징이 드러나지는 않았다. 셋째, 경력역량 수준이 높은 집단일수록 직원몰입, 경력만족, 적응수행 수준이 높은 것으로 파악되었다. 도출된 연구결과를 바탕으로 경력개발 및 일터학습에 대한 시사점을 제공하였다.
Abstract
The paradigm of career development changes emphasizing the self-directed role of individuals. Related to this, special attention has been paid to career competencies as an important factor to lead a desired working environment or career path. This study is to identify the potentially homogeneous subgroups of adult workers based on the individual's career competencies. With survey data from 624 adult workers, we conducted a latent profile analysis, and examined the characteristics for the identified latent groups based on demographic information and performance variables. Four latent groups were identified based on the values of career competencies of adult workers, which were named ‘high level', ‘upper intermediate level', ‘intermediate level' and ‘low level', respectively. The results showed that the differences in demographic variables between the latent groups appeared insubstantial except gender factor, whereas the higher groups in career competency tend to have higher average scores in employee engagement, career satisfaction, and adaptive performance. Based on the analysis results, the implications for career development and workplace learning were provided.
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