고문헌학과 민족고전학, 고문헌을 다루는 남과 북의 학문적 입장

Abstract

The discipline of historical manuscripts in South Korea has been developed around bibliography and paleography. National Classics was correspondingly established as an independent discipline in North Korea. Both are based on the philology, which is a universal discipline. In addition, it has basic homogeneity in that it is a discipline that systematically organizes, criticizes and interprets our historical manuscripts. Old books have been dealt with early in the field of bibliography. However, it is relatively recent that the academic approach to ancient documents and records is made in South Korea. Academic interest in ancient documents began to be taken in the 1980s, since in the inception in the 1970s. It wasn’t until 1991 that the association was founded. And only in 2000 did a graduate program be completed. It was only in the late 1970s that National Classics was established as a discipline in North Korea. However, they began to show interest in historical manuscripts just after the liberation, and collect and organize old books and documents even during the Korean War. Since 1960, the emphasis was placed on the translation and retrieval of ancient texts. The National Classics focuses on collecting, arranging, translating, evaluating and releasing national classics, teaching Chinese caracters and Chinese classics and compiling basic reference books. For this purpose, it is closely related to the research fields such as philology, historical research, translation, Chinese literature, and lexicography. This is not much different from bibliography and paleography in South Korea. On the other hand, South and North Korea show considerable differences in the classification system of old books and documents which is the basis of the study of historical manuscripts. First of all, in the classification of old books, South Korea uses the traditional four category classification (經部-史部-子部-集部) or KDC ( Korean Decimal Classification) based on modern international standards. North Korea, on the other hand, has adopted its own 7-part 48-class system that combines traditional taxonomy with modern content. In case of old documents, South Korea uses a classification system based on the issuer and recipient of the document in the narrow senses and it also uses a classification system based on the nature and contents of the document in a broad senses. On the other hand, the classification of old documents in North Korea is divided into eight types. This classification lacks formal coherence or academic rigor, and is more of a convenience rather than a systematic one.