정신지체인의 계단오르기 과제에서의 동작유도성 지각
Perceiving Affordance in a Stair Climbing Task in Individuals with Mental Retardation
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초록
》지각에 대한 생태학적 접근을 이용하는 증거(Gibson, 1979; Warren, 1984)는 아동들이 운동기술을 획득한 직후 환경에서 어떤 움직임이 “가용한지”를 구분하는 능력을 획득한다고 제안하고 있다(Gibson, Riccio, Schmuckler, Stoffregen, Rosenberg, & Taormina, 1987; Ulrich, Palmer, & Niles, 1991). 그러나 인지적 장애가 있는 아동이 정확하게 동작유도성을 지각할 수 있는지에 대해서는 아직도 명확하지 않다. 본 연구의 목적은 경도 정신지체가 있는 청소년들이 계단 오르기 과제에 대한 동작유도성을 지각할 수 있는지 결정하는 것이었다. 경도 정신지체 청소년들에게 발만을 이용하여 다양한 계단 높이를 올라갈 수 있는지 결정하라고 요청되었다. 그 때 지각적 판단이 최대지각계단높이와 최대성취계단높이와 비교되었다. 그 결과 정신지체가 있는 유소년들은 계단 오르기 과제에 대한 동작유도성을 정확하게 지각할 수 없었다. 이러한 결과는 생태학적 관점에서 설명되었다.
Abstract
》Evidence utilizing an ecological approach to perception(Gibson, 1979; Warren, 1984) suggests that children acquire the ability to distinguish what movement an environment "affords" soon after they acquire motor skills(Gibson et al., 1987; Ulrich, Thelen, & Niles, 1991). However, It is still unclear whether or not children with cognitive disabilities can accurately perceive affordances(Burton, 1987, 1990). The purpose of this study was to determine if boys and girls with mild mental retardation could perceive affordances for the skill of stair climbing task. Boys and girls with mild mental retardation were asked to judge whether or not various stair height could be rise only with use of foot. Perceptual judgment was then compared actual maximum perceived stair rise height with actual maximum attained stair rise height. Results indicate the boys and girls with mental retardation were not able to accurately perceive the affordance for stair climbing task. Results were explained via an ecological perspective.
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