확률 단서 효과의 속성과 발생 기제
The properties and mechanism of probability cueing effect
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초록
독립적으로 발생한 사건들을 경험적으로 누적하여 하나의 규칙성을 발견하고, 이를 이용해 자극 출현 확률이 높은 공간으로 공간 주의의 편향이 유발되는 것을 확률 단서 효과(probability cueing effect)라 한다. 확률 단서 학습은 다수의 사건들로부터 통계적 규칙성을 암묵적으로 추론해낸다는 점에서 인간의 효율적인 정보 통합 능력을 보여준다. 확률 단서 학습은 기존의 상향 및 하향적 주의 모델로 설명되지 않는 습관성 주의의 증거를 제시한다는 점에서 중요성이 크지만 확률 단서 효과의 발생 기제에 관한 연구는 아직까지 미비한 실정이다. 본 개관 논문에서는 선행 연구들을 통해 확률 단서 효과의 속성을 살펴보았다. 또한, 확률 단서 학습이 발생하는 과정에 대한 기존의 모델과 수정된 모델을 제안하고, 이를 검증하기 위한 신경학적 연구의 방향성을 논의하였다.
Abstract
Probability cueing effect refers to a spatial bias to a certain region where a target is frequently presented. It is thought to be one of the representative forms of incidental learning that shows the efficiency of human visual system. The probability cueing paradigm provides evidence for habitual attention, which cannot be explained by the top-down and bottom-up attention dichotomy. In the current review article, we examined the key properties of the probability cueing effect and suggested a simple model of probability learning. In addition, we propose a possible direction of neuroimaging studies to test the suggested model and to explore the neural mechanisms of probability cueing effect.
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