「안민가(安民歌)」의 시대상과 정치사상의 지향성 고찰– 유불⋅화랑사상을 중심으로 –

Abstract

Anminga is a Hang'ga written by Chungdamsa during the 24th reign year(745) of King Gyeongdeok of Shilla. During his reign, there were many natural disasters and among them, the Five Gods of Hell appeared. Appearance of the Silla protecting gods was the symbol and prediction of serious crisis. To overcome this crisis, King Gyeongdeok visited a Buddhist monk Yeongbokseung at the pavilion of Guijeongmun and he met Chungdam at this location. The king requested Chungdam to write Anminga to comfort the people suffering from the crisis to restore government affairs since the king new about his previous writing of Changiparang'ga. To overcome the crisis, Cheongdam wrote Anminga including the thought of Hwarang without over-emphasizing Confucianism-Buddhism. Anminga points out the problems of the government and solutions to overcome the crisis, therefore, the king tried to hire Chungdam as a maître du roi. The king hated his staffs providing positive advices and policies without criticism. Chungdam criticised the king's faults and advised him to rule the kingdom with Confucian-Buddhist thought with traditional Hwarang thought. This is why the king saw him as a high level monk with patriotism and loyalty. At the end of King Gyeongdeok, Silla court suffered from the competition between pro-king faction and anti-king faction. Anminga criticised the king's trends of political and governance thoughts without concerning the people while taking a middle ground. However, the king failed to clear the corruption and as a result, at the time of his son King Hyegong, the anti-king faction took over the court and the royal family lost the control of the kingship. Anminga is an old literature of eighth century. Still, Cheongdamsa's Anminga reflected the Silla's situation of the crisis. It provided the guidelines for the government based on Silla's Hwarang thought as a high level Buddhist monk. This is the literary value of the Anminga for today and future political leaders.