지리적 유추 사례 찾기 - 지식, 경험, 내용의 역할 -
How students find geographical analogues - Roles of individual’s knowledge and experience and the contents of target problems -
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초록
당면한 문제를 해결하기 위해 이전의 유사한 문제를 활용하는 방법을 유추적 문제해결이라 한다. 대학생(N=45)들의 유추적 문제해결 전략을 이해하기 위해 지리적 사례(예시)들을 제시한 후 유사한 사례를 찾도록 하였다. 학생들이 찾은 사례는 예시의 내적구조(원리, 개념) 및 표면적 특징과 비교되었다. 예시에 대한 지식이나 경험(친숙성)에 따라 학생들은 내적구조 혹은 표면적 특징을 활용해 유사 사례를 찾았으며, 특히 예시에 대한 지식(내적구조)이 부족할 경우 표면적 특징에 의존하는 모습을 보였다. 인터넷 검색, 지인에게 도움 청하기, 직접 확인하기 등 다양한 문제해결 전략과 해외체류 경험, 일상적 경험, 전문도서 등 여러 유형의 정보원들이 활용되었으며, 예시의 내용은 전략과 정보원의 선택에 영향을 주었다.
Abstract
Analogical thinking is the use of knowledge from previous experiences to facilitate learning in a new situation. In order to investigate university students(N=45) processes and strategies of analogical problem-solving, they were shown the geographical stories (‘target problems’) and asked to find analogous cases (‘base problems’) with corresponding meanings. Analyses of surface and structure similarities between the target problems and the base problems were conducted. The subjects were asked to describe the processes and strategies of their problem solving. The results showed that the subjects’ familarity with the target problems has an effect on whether they utilize their structural information (principles or concepts) or surface information and that, in particular, the subjects lacking adequate knowledge tend to rely more on the surface information. A variety of strategies (e.g., internet searching, seeking advice, and visiting places) and information sources (e.g., daily experiences, experience of living abroad, and books) were used and their usage was related to the contents of the target problems.
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