조선후기 <大學> 연구와 陸隴其의 영향

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the case of accepting the doctrines of Orthodox-neo-confucianism scholar Lù-lǒngqí(1630-1692) in the late Ming and the early Qing dynasties through the study of late Joseon Dynasty 『Dàxué』. Lù-lǒngqí is an Orthodox-neo-confucianism scholar who represents the late Ming and the early Qing dynasties and has led an empirical study that examines the doctrines of orthodox-neo-confucianism and proves its established theory in response to the anti-orthodox-neo-confucianism doctrines. The Chosun scholars who led the orthodox-neo-confucianism doctrines established were also interested in the doctrine and reflected it in the research of 『Dàxué』 which is the foundation of Orthodox-neo-confucianism. Therefore, I think the study on the acceptance of Lù-lǒngqí dàxué doctrines would be a useful clue to examining the influence of the scholars on late Ming and the early Qing dynasties in the deliberation of the late Joseon Dynasty doctrines having the influence on the work of the doctrines of orthodox-neo-confucianism established at late Joseon Dynasty and the study of its foundation 『Dàxué』. Lù-lǒngqí's dàxué doctrines can be seen in 『Sìshujiangyikunmianlu』 vol.1, 「Dàxué」, 『Songyangjiangyi』 vol.1, 「Dàxué」, 『sanyutangwenji』 Vol.1, 「Dàxué Q&A」. There are two main characteristics. One is to defend the revision of Zhu Xi's 『Dàxué』, and the other is to supplement Zhu Xi's orthodoxy about the 『Dàxué』. 『Dàxué』 sentences and phrases』 is a primer on orthodox- neo-confucianism that has been criticized by anti-orthodox-neo-confucianism scholars for the fact of revising the sages's works thoughtlessly. Thus Lù-lǒngqí defended 『Dàxué』 sentences and phrases through theory of against revision, doctrines of Wang Yangming, hieroglyphology etc.. The orthodox-neo-confucianism scholars in Joseon Dynasty responded to the anti scholars's criticism with the clue of the Lù-lǒngqí doctrines. 『Dàxuédaquan』 was a reference book and an examination book to assist the study of Zhu Xi's note. However, some commentaries included in the 『Daquan』 differed from Zhu Xi's note, which caused the problem of misinterpreting the cause of the original purpose of Orthodox-neo-confucianism as well as the doctrines of Wang Yangming. Therefore, Lù-lǒngqí supplemented the orthodoxy of Zhu Xi's note through various empirical studies on 『Dàxué』, and based on the results, refuted Wang Sooin's, 『daquan』 huanggan's, Raolu's, Hubingwen's and so on. The Orthodox-neo-confucianism scholars in the Joseon Dynasty criticized the doctrines of Wang Yangming and 『Daquan』 with clues to the doctrine of Lù-lǒngqí. and explained the orthodoxy of Zhu Xi, Therefore the contents and purposes of the Lù-lǒngqí 『Dàxué』 study, namely, the explanation of the orthodox of Zhu Xi and the exclusion of heresy has considerable elements to attract the attention of the Joseon orthodox-neo-confucianism scholars who led the process of making Orthodox-newo-confucianism doctrines established. This is probably the main reason for the acceptance of Lù-lqngqí's great doctrines in the Joseon dynasty academy.