『大學章句』 ‘誠意’의 주석에 대한 韓·中 학자들의 변석 양상 一考

Abstract

When comparing Korean and Chinese editions of Daxue Zhangju (大學章句), we can find a difference in Zhuxi’s annotation – written as 必自慊 in Korean version and 一於善 in Chinese version in the part of explaining the concept of 誠意 in Chapter 1– and that small variation of words shows the difference of understanding the prestigious scholiast’s annotation between Korean and Chinese academic society. In the determination of official Daxue Zhangju, there were two main arguments in China. After Zhuxi’s death, 一於善 was widely accepted in Song and Yuan Dynasty, but it was overturned to 必自慊 under the influence of 『四書五經大全』 published in 1415, until 吳英·吳志忠 claimed 一於善 as the original version thanks to the widespread criticism against the Youngle(永樂) Edition in Qing dynasty. Since 吳’s edition established high reputation today, 一於善 is recognized as what Zhu originally meant to write. In Joseon, however, 陳櫟’s assertion appeared in 『大全』 that Zhuxi revised 一於善 to 必自慊 on three days before his death was dominant argument because Youngle Edition was the major platform to read the book from the very beginning. In mid 17th Century, there was an in-depth controversy on 必自慊 and 一於善, but most arguments focused on understanding the great annotator’s logical connection rather than judging right and wrong of each theory, and they closely reviewed 『朱子語類』 and 『朱子大全』 to find reliable authority for the purpose. In 18th Century, there was a tendency that cites not only annotations from Youngle Edition but various explanatory notes about the subject to draw critical conclusion. 『朱子四書異同條辨』 by 李沛霖 in Qing Dynasty was one of the major references.